2018年托福阅读模拟试题(10)

　　托福阅读文本：

　　Scientists have discovered that for the last 160,000 years, at least, there has been a consistent

　　relationship between the amount of carbon dioxide in the air and the average temperature of the

　　planet. The importance of carbon dioxide in regulating the Earth's temperature was confirmed by

　　scientists working in eastern Antarctica. Drilling down into a glacier, they extracted a mile-long

　　cylinder of ice from the hole. The glacier had formed as layer upon layer of snow accumulated

　　year after year. Thus drilling into the ice was tantamount to drilling back through time.

　　The deepest sections of the core are composed of water that fell as snow 160,000 years ago.

　　Scientists in Grenoble, France, fractured portions of the core and measured the composition of

　　ancient air released from bubbles in the ice. Instruments were used to measure the ratio of certain

　　isotopes in the frozen water to get an idea of the prevailing atmospheric temperature at the time

　　when that particular bit of water became locked in the glacier.

　　The result is a remarkable unbroken record of temperature and of atmospheric levels of carbon

　　dioxide. Almost every time the chill of an ice age descended on the planet, carbon dioxide levels

　　dropped. When the global temperature dropped 9°F (5 °C), carbon dioxide levels dropped to 190

　　parts per million or so. Generally, as each ice age ended and the Earth basked in a warm

　　interglacial period, carbon dioxide levels were around 280 parts per million. Through the 160,000

　　years of that ice record, the level of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere fluctuated between 190 and

　　280 parts per million, but never rose much higher-until the Industrial Revolution beginning in the

　　eighteenth century and continuing today.

　　There is indirect evidence that the link between carbon dioxide levels and global temperature

　　change goes back much further than the glacial record. Carbon dioxide levels may have been

　　much greater than the current concentration during the Carboniferous period, 360 to 285 million

　　years ago. The period was named for a profusion of plant life whose buried remains produced a

　　large fraction of the coal deposits that are being brought to the surface and burned today.

　　托福阅读题目：

　　1. Which of the following does the passage mainly discuss?

　　(A) Chemical causes of ice ages

　　(B) Techniques for studying ancient layers of ice in glaciers

　　(C) Evidence of a relationship between levels of carbon dioxide and global temperature

　　(D) Effects of plant life on carbon dioxide levels in the atmosphere

　　2. The word "accumulated" in line 6 is closest in meaning to.

　　(A) spread out

　　(B) changed

　　(C) became denser

　　(D) built up

　　3. According to the passage , the drilling of the glacier in eastern Antarctica was important because

　　it

　　(A) allowed scientists to experiment with new drilling techniques

　　(B) permitted the study of surface temperatures in an ice-covered region of Earth

　　(C) provided insight about climate conditions in earlier periods

　　(D) confirmed earlier findings about how glaciers are formed

　　4. The phrase "tantamount to" in line 7 is closest in meaning to

　　(A) complementary to

　　(B) practically the same as

　　(C) especially well suited to

　　(D) unlikely to be confused with

　　5.According to the passage , Grenoble, France, is the place where

　　(A) instruments were developed for measuring certain chemical elements

　　(B) scientists first recorded atmospheric levels of carbon dioxide

　　(C) scientists studied the contents of an ice core fromAntarctica

　　(D) the relationship between carbon dioxide and temperature was discovered

　　6. According to the passage , scientists used isotopes from the water of the ice core to determine

　　which of following?

　　(A) The amount of air that had bubbled to the surface since the ice had formed

　　(B) The temperature of the atmosphere when the ice was formed

　　(C) The date at which water had become locked in the glacier

　　(D) The rate at which water had been frozen in the glacier

　　7. The word "remarkable" in line 14 is closest in meaning to

　　(A) genuine

　　(B) permanent

　　(C) extraordinary

　　(D) continuous

　　8. The word "link" in line 23 is closest in meaning to

　　(A) tension

　　(B) connection

　　(C) attraction

　　(D) distance

　　9. The passage implies that the warmest temperatures among the periods mentioned occurred

　　(A) in the early eighteenth century

　　(B) 160,000 years ago

　　(C) at the end of each ice age

　　(D) between 360 and 285 million years ago

　　10.According to the passage , the Carboniferous period was characterized by

　　(A) a reduction in the number of coal deposits

　　(B) the burning of a large amount of coal

　　(C) an abundance of plants

　　(D) an accelerated rate of glacier formation

　　11. The passage explains the origin of which of the following terms?

　　(A) glacier (line 5)

　　(B) isotopes (line 11)

　　(C) Industrial Revolution (line 21)

　　(D) Carboniferous period (lines 26)

　　托福阅读答案：

　　CDCBC BCBAC D