2017年10月14日托福考试机经（完整版）

2017年10月14日托福考试机经（完整版）

　　托福口语机经

　　T1：Choose one of your favorite methods to relax and explain why it is your favorite. Please include specific details in your explanation.

　　T2：Do you prefer high-paid jobs or those that suit your personality.Please explain your preference with specific reasons.

　　T1：If you have a chance to study a form of art, which one would you like to learn? Sculpture, portrait painting or landscape painting. Please explain your choice with specific details.

　　T2：Do you prefer to give your friend a present that he likes or something else, e.g. money?

　　T1：What kind of place would you choose living in? Living near schools, living near your family or living near the airport or other kind of transportation hubs? Use specific examples and details to support your opinion.

　　T2：Do you prefer to study in the classroom or outside the classroom? Explain why.

　　T1：How can you ensure that you can finish the assignment on time when the studying work is heavy? Please include details in your answer.

　　T2：Some students prefer test questions that ask for opinions while others prefer those objective ones that have a correct answer. What do you think? You would use past experience to support your response.

　　T1：Is it good for college students do part time jobs? What is your opinion and why? What are some advantages or disadvantages of doing part time jobs? Use specific reasons and details to support your answer.

　　T2：Do you prefer to take adventures or you don't like adventures at all.

　　T1：Talk about an organization that you would like to join. Explain why you would like to join this organization. Please include reasons and details to support your response.

　　T2：Some people believe that first-year college students should live in a dorm building that homes only freshmen. Others may prefer the idea that first-year students must live together with students in 2nd, 3rd, or even 4th grade. Which opinion do you agree with? Explain why.

　　T1：Your friend will move to a school and worried about making new friends there. What kind of advice will you give him to help him make new friends in the new school? Why?

　　T2：You have been very busy and unable to prepare for the exam tomorrow. You can either stay up late to study and sleep less or just study less and get full night’s sleep. Which will you choose?

　　T1：Your friend has just moved to a new city and is nervous about making new friends. What advice would you give your friend?

　　T2：Many people think that students study course materials more effectively by taking exams, while others think that students learn more effective through doing other activities such as writing paper or completing projects. Which do you think is more effective for students to learn?

　　T1：Your friend wants to come to your country and what things do you suggest him to do and not to do in order to be polite and respectful?

　　T2：If you have more money, you want to spend your money on objects like clothes and electronic devices or spend your money on experience.

　　T1：Do you prefer high-paid jobs or those that suit your personality? Please explain your preference with specific reasons.

　　T2：You live in a crowded city with only one green space-the city park. The government recently proposes to build a housing complex on this only green space. Do you think this is a good idea?

　　T1：Your university plans to provide another type of food to attract more students. What kind of food would you like the university cafeteria to add? Explain the reasons with examples and details.

　　T2：If you have time, would you choose to learn to play a new musical instrument or learn to play a new sport?

　　T1：Which of the following three subjects would you choose to learn: Math, painting or science? And what you want to learn from this subject? Please include specific reasons and details in your response.

　　T2：Some people prefer to do sports. Other people prefer to watch others play sports. Which do you prefer and why? Please use specific reasons and examples to support your response.

　　T1：Describe the person to whom you would like to turn for advice when you have a problem. Explain why you would like to turn to this person for advice? Please include details in your answer.

　　T2：Do you prefer watching news or reading news?

　　specific

　　[spiˈsifik] adj. 明确的;特种的;具体的;

　　n. 细节;显著的性质，特性;

　　political

　　[pəˈlitikəl] adj. 政治的; 政党的; 对政治有兴趣的;

　　aspect

　　[ˈæspekt] n. 方面; 面貌; 方位，方向; 形势;

　　presentation

　　[ˌprezənˈteiʃən] n. 陈述; 报告; 介绍; 赠送;

　　remodel

　　[ri:ˈmɔdl] vt. 改变…的结构[形状];

　　current events 时事，新闻动态;

　　course

　　[kɔː(r)s] n. 科目; 进程; 课程; 方针;

　　托福听力机经

　　Environmental policy听力题目：

　　1. What is the lecture mainly about?

　　(A) Ways to generate heat for nuclear fusion

　　(B) Differences between nuclear fission and nuclear fusion

　　(C) A controversial theory regarding how to generate nuclear fusion

　　(D) The possibility of establishing sustained nuclear fusion

　　2. According to the students, what are three advantages of nuclear fusion over nuclear fission

　　Click on 3 answers.

　　(A) Nuclear fusion can use a fuel that is more easily obtained.

　　(B) Nuclear fusion can be achieved at lower temperatures.

　　(C) Nuclear fusion produces more energy.

　　(D) Nuclear fusion does not produce hazardous by-products.

　　(E) Nuclear fusion does not require as many natural resources.

　　3. Why does the professor mention isotopes of hydrogen?

　　(A) To correct a student's comment about how fusion takes place in stars

　　(B) To help answer a student's question about temperature requirements for fusion reactors

　　(C) To explain what happens to hydrogen atoms during fusion reactions

　　(D) To justify the need for superconducting magnets in nuclear fusion reactors

　　4. According to the professor, how will the ITER reactor differ from earlier experimental fusion reactors?

　　Click on 2 answers.

　　(A) It will be transportable to different locations.

　　(B) It will sustain nuclear reactions through heat that it generates on its own.

　　(C) It will heat the fuel mixture to a higher temperature.

　　(D) It will confine the plasma in a more energy-efficient way.

　　5. What does the professor say about the international effort to develop ITER?

　　(A) The participation of many countries may cause ITER to be delayed even more.

　　(B) The research orientation of ITER has encouraged international collaboration.

　　(C) ITER will make use of equipment made in many different countries.

　　(D) The lack of international cooperation on earlier fusion projects has hurt ITER.

　　6. What does the professor imply when he says this:

　　(A) He prefers to work on projects with more immediate results.

　　(B) He believes that research in the physical sciences requires strict time lines.

　　(C) He thinks it will take less time to develop ITER than most researchers expect.

　　(D) He is more skeptical about the future of nuclear fusion than most researchers are.

　　Archaeology听力题目：

　　1. What is the lecture mainly about?

　　A. The influence of Incan culture on later Peruvian civilizations

　　B. The significance of archaeological findings in a region of Peru

　　C. The controversy surrounding a new method of archaeological research

　　D. The renovation of rectangular pyramids found in Peru

　　2. Why does the professor discuss the Aspero site in Peru?

　　A. To provide evidence of an ancient Peruvian culture's knowledge of irrigation techniques

　　B. To point out that the Aspero pyramids are different from those found at other Norte Chico sites

　　C. To explain a belief about Peruvian history that was later challenged

　　D. To clarify which of the twenty residential centers in the Norte Chico region was the largest

　　3. What is the professor's opinion about the current archaeological classification of the Norte Chico culture?

　　A. The culture should be considered complex in spite of the unusual way it developed.

　　B. The culture seems to have followed the pattern that is typical of other major ancient civilizations.

　　C. The failure of the culture to produce ceramic pottery indicates a lack of advancement.

　　D. More evidence is needed before the culture can be classified into one of the existing categories.

　　4. According to the professor, what crop was NOT cultivated by the ancient inhabitants of the Norte Chico region

　　A. Chilies

　　B. Grains

　　C. Beans

　　D. Avocados

　　5. What does the professor imply about the significance of the khipu that were produced by the Norte Chico culture?

　　A. They represent the culture's first attempts at creating fabric.

　　B. They confirm the importance of cotton in the regional economy.

　　C. They suggest that early inhabitants of the region's coastal areas used fishing nets.

　　D. They may constitute one of the earliest known forms of written communication.

　　6. What does the professor say about how the city of Caral came to an end?

　　A. People moved to the coast to have greater access to the ocean's resources.

　　B. Outside enemy forces invaded the city.

　　C. The city's inhabitants initiated a rebellion.

　　D. The city's inhabitants abandoned the city in an organized manner.

　　答案

　　B/C/A/B/D/D

　　student & employee听力题目：

　　1. What does the woman hope to find out by going to the art museum?

　　A. What types of volunteer positions are available for students

　　B. How much she would be paid for working as a tour guide

　　C. Whether alternative arrangements can be made for becoming a tour guide

　　D. Why a particular museum employee has not returned her phone calls

　　2. Why does the woman mention a test that she has to take

　　A. To explain why she is unable to attend a training session

　　B. To let the man know that she will be late for the tour on Monday

　　C. To list one requirement she must fulfill to receive extra credit

　　D. To show that she is aware of what she must do to become a tour guide

　　3. Why does the woman want to start working at the art museum before the current semester ends?

　　A. To fulfill a graduation requirement

　　B. To improve her grade in a class

　　C. To earn money for the following semester

　　D. To conduct research for a paper

　　4. What does the man imply when he mentions Professor Tyler?

　　A. That he is familiar with the situation the woman is in

　　B. That the training session for new tour guides covers some of the same material covered in art history classes

　　C. That Professor Tyler recognizes which students would make good tour guides

　　D. That Professor Tyler may have given the woman incorrect information about the job

　　5. According to the man, why might the woman want to consider a data processing position

　　Click on 2 answers.

　　A. It is probably more exciting than working as a tour guide.

　　B. It would allow the woman to begin working immediately.

　　C. It would give the woman experience in her major.

　　D. It could eventually lead to a paying job.

　　听力答案：

　　C/A/B/A/BD

　　托福阅读机经

　　天文类Surface Fluids on Venus and Earth

　　参考阅读：

　　A fluid is a substance, such as a liquid or gas, in which the component particles (usually molecules) can move past one another. Fluids flow easily and conform to the shape of their containers. The geologic processes related to the movement of fluids on a planet’s surface can completely resurface a planet many times. These processes derive their energy from the Sun and the gravitational forces of the planet itself. As these fluids interact with surface materials, they move particles about or react chemically with them to modify or produce materials. On a solid planet with a hydrosphere and an atmosphere, only a tiny fraction of the planetary mass flows as surface fluids. Yet the movements of these fluids can drastically alter a planet. Consider Venus and Earth, both terrestrial planets with atmosphere.

　　Venus and Earth are commonly regarded as twin planets but not identical twins. They are about the same size, are composed of roughly the same mix of materials, and may have been comparably endowed at their beginning with carbon dioxide and water. However, the twins evolved differently, largely because of differences in their distance from the Sun. With a significant amount of internal heat, Venus may continue to be geologically active with volcanoes, rifting, and folding. However, it lacks any sign of a hydrologic system (water circulation and distribution): there are no streams, lakes, oceans, or glaciers. Space probes suggest that Venus may have started with as much water as Earth, but it was unable to keep its water in liquid form. Because Venus receives more heat from the Sun, water released from the interior evaporated and rose to the upper atmosphere where the Sun’s ultraviolet rays broke the molecules apart. Much of the freed hydrogen escaped into space, and Venus lost its water. Without water, Venus became less and less like Earth and kept an atmosphere filled with carbon dioxide. The carbon dioxide acts as a blanket, creating an intense greenhouse effect and driving surface temperatures high enough to melt lead and to prohibit the formation of carbonate minerals. Volcanoes continually vented more carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. On Earth, liquid water removes carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and combines it with calcium, from rock weathering, to form carbonate sedimentary rocks. Without liquid water to remove carbon from the atmosphere, the level of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere of Venus remainshigh.

　　...

　　Origin of the Solar System

　　Comets

　　文化艺术类

　　The Origins of Writing

　　Live Performance

　　The Origins of Theater

　　The Development of Printing

　　地质类

　　Early Theories of Continental Drift

　　Attempts at Determining Earth’s Age

　　How Soil is Formed

　　Earth’s Energy Cycle

　　Thermal Stratification

　　环境类

　　The Climate of Japan

　　The Role of the Ocean in Controlling Climate

　　经济类

　　Effects of the Commercial Revolution

　　Seventeenth-Century European Economic Growth

　　考古类

　　Environmental Impact of the Anasazi

　　The Collapse of the Mays

　　The Chaco Phenomenon

　　科学类

　　The Birth of Photography

　　Early American Printing Industry

　　农业类

　　Agricultural Society in Eighteenth- Century British America

　　Water Management in Early Agriculture

　　社会类

　　Population Growth in Nineteenth-Century Europe

　　Hunting and the Setting of Inner Eurasia

　　生物类

　　Extinctions at the End of the Cretaceous

　　The Cambrian Explosion

　　The Extinction of the Dinosaurs

　　How Animals in Rain Forests Make Themselves Heard

　　Sociality in Animals

　　Dinosaurs and Parental Care

　　Habitat Selection

　　Temperature Regulation in Marine Organisms

　　Cell Theory

　　Poikilotherms

　　Forest Succession

　　The Role of Diapause

　　The Identification of the Genetic Material

　　How Plants and Animals Arrived in the Hawaiian Islands

　　Constraints on Natural Selection

　　托福写作机经

　　Do you agree or disagree with the following statement: Advertisements that targeting children aged between 2 and 5 should be banned.

　　Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? The reading a student does on his/her own is as, or even more important than that assigned by the teachers.

　　Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? In order to attract good students, a university should spend a lot of money funding social activities.

　　Do you agree or disagree with the following statement: The young people today are facing more personal and work-related challenges than their parents did fifty years ago.

　　How a person look or dress is more important to one's success than a good idea, agree or not?

　　Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? One of the best ways for parents to help their teenage children prepare for adult life is to encourage them to take the part-time job.

　　Do you agree or disagree that the ability to read and write is more and more important now than before?

　　Do you agree or disagree with the following statement: People should live in a city or a country all their lives instead of moving to another place.

　　Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? It is more important to use the lands for farming, housing and industry than save the land for endangered animal.

　　Do you agree or disagree with the following opinion? The most important goal of education is to help people educate themselves?

　　Do you agree that people easily learn from the friends beside them?

　　Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? People live better when move out hometown.

　　Do you agree or disagree with the following statement: Advertising is the most important cause of unhealthy eating habits.

　　Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? The purpose of television should be all educative, not entertaining.

　　Which option do you prefer? Travel to foreign countries when you are young or when you are older? Give specific reasons or examples to support your decision.

　　Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Renewable resources of energy (Sun, wind, water) will soon replace fossils fuels such as gases, oil, and coal.

　　Do you agree or disagree with the following statement: Improving education is the most important thing in the development of a country.

　　Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Television advertising directed toward young children should be allowed.

　　Do you agree or disagree with the following statement: Teachers should give students more group assignments because students work more efficiently in groups.

　　Do you agree or disagree with the following statement: In a busy and crowded world, we should not expect people to be polite to others.

　　apartment

　　[əˈpɑ:tmənt] n. 寓所，住房; 房间; 公寓楼;

　　appearance

　　[əˈpiərəns] n. 外貌，外观; 出现，露面;

　　immediately

　　[iˈmi:diətli] adv. 立即，马上; 直接地; 紧接地;

　　employee

　　[ˌemplɔiˈi:] n. 雇工，雇员，职工;

　　popularity

　　[ˌpɔpjəˈlærɪti:] n. 普及; 流行; 名气，名望，通俗性，大众性; 人望

　　effectively

　　[ɪˈfektɪvli:] adv. 有效地; 实际上，事实上;

　　object

　　[ˈɔbdʒikt] n. 物体; 目标; 宾语; 客体，对象;

　　complex

　　[ˈkɔmpleks] adj. 复杂的; 合成的;

　　n. 复杂; 合成体;