托福阅读考试中5种不同的倒装句介绍

　　首先要了解一下句子倒装的目的是什么：

　　一是被提前的部分被强调，如下面的第五句：Accustomed though we are to speaking of the films made before 1927 as “silent”，其中的accustomed按照正常语序应该放在are之后：Though we are accustomed to speaking of the films made before 1927 as “silent”。之所以将accustomed提前，是为了强调它。二是为了句子的平衡，否则将导致头重脚轻的效果，如下面的第一句、第二句和第四句。以第一句为例，按照正常语序应该是：Fossils clearly intermediate， or transitional， between land mammals and cetaceans were missing until recently。但是这种句子结构比较糟糕，因为主语及其修饰语过长(从句首直到cetaceans)，而谓语部分were missing until recently较短，容易造成头重脚轻的效果。第五句将missing提前，避免了这一现象。

　　托福阅读中倒装句的情况主要有：

　　1、现在分词放在句首

　　Missing until recently were fossils clearly intermediate， or transitional， between land mammals and cetaceans。

　　2、方位副词放在句首

　　Herein lay the beginning of what ultimately turned from ignorance to denial of the value of nutritional therapies in medicine。

　　3、介词放在句首

　　Among the species of seabirds that use the windswept cliffs of the Atlantic coast of Canada in the summer to mate， lay eggs， and rear their young are common murres， Atlantic puffins， black-legged kittiwakes， and northern gannets。

　　4、形容词放在句首

　　Implicit in it is an aesthetic principle as well： that the medium has certain qualities of beauty and expressiveness with which sculptors must bring own aesthetic sensibilities into harmony。

　　5、过去分词放在句首

　　Accustomed though we are to speaking of the films made before 1927 as “silent”， the film has never been， in the full sense of the word，silent。