2013年托福阅读试题解析:语法2

　　雅思阅读考试中的插入文本题通常也是每篇文章出现一题，但是它和句子简化题一样，只要考生的语法够好，这种题的解答可谓不费吹灰之力。因为这种题型主要考查考生对句子和句子之间逻辑关系的理解。以OG Practice Set 6 (SWIMMING MACHINES)中的第11题为例：

　　Again, supersonic jets have similar features.

　　■ Because they are always swimming, tunas simply have to open their mouths and water is forced in and over their gills.■ Accordingly, they have lost most of the muscles that other fishes use to suck in water and push it past the gills.■In fact, tunas must swim to breathe.■ They must also keep swimming to keep from sinking, since most have largely or completely lost the swim bladder, the gas-filled sac that helps most other fish remain buoyant.

　　Look at the four squares (■) that indicate where the following sentence can be added to the passage.

　　Consequently, tunas do not need to suck in water.

　　Where could the sentence best fit?

　　分析：首先读被插入的句子，其句首的“Consequently”一词表明该句和前一句的内容之间的逻辑关系应该是因果关系，而被插入的句子意为“因此，金枪鱼不需要吸入水”。读原文中的内容，原文中对应的第一句话翻译为“因为金枪鱼总是在游泳，它们只需要张开嘴，水就会涌入它们的腮”，利用逻辑关系来判断，我们便可以确定题目中的句子应该插入在第二个方块出现的地方。

　　其他题型的考查重点虽然不是语法，但是语法也会严重影响题目的理解和答题。建议考生们把新托福阅读中常涉及的语法知识掌握好，比如定语从句、状语从句、宾语从句、主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句、分词、动名词、不定式、倒装、强调句式等。