托福考试托福阅读讲义4

　　复杂句的阅读方法----层次化句子阅读法

　　1) 括号匹配

　　Ø …… 关联词 (完整句)

　　Ø …… (关联词+ 非完整句)

　　2) 化右括号的条件:

　　Ø 句子终结

　　Ø 连接句子的并列连词或标点符号之前

　　例1: However, for many years physicists thought that (atom and molecules always were much more likely to emit light spontaneously)and that (stimulated emission thus always would be much weaker)

　　例2: It appeared that 〔Canada was once more falling in step with the trend toward smaller families (that had occurred all through the Western world since the time of the Industrial Revolution)〕.

　　例3: The history of clinical nutrition, or the study of the relationship between health and how the body takes in and utilizes food substances(同位语,删除), can be divided into four distinct eras: the first began in the nineteenth century and extended into the early twentieth century (when it was recognized for the first time that (food contained constituents (that were essential for human function) )and that (different foods provided different amounts of these essential agents).

　　例4: Using techniques first developed for the offshore oil and gas industry, the DSDP’s drill ship, the Glomar Challenger(同位语), was able to maintain a steady position on the ocean’s surface and drill in very deep water, extracting samples of sediments and rock from the ocean floor.

　　例5: The desperate plight of the South has eclipsed the fact that (reconstruction had to be undertaken also in North, though less spectacularly).