(2)
A patent gives inventors exclusive rights to their inventions for a fix period of time.
应改为:fixed
解释:fix是动词,不能修饰名词period, 依句意改为分词fixed, “一段固定时间”
(3)
Closed plane figures like the square or the equilateral triangle can be grouped into a class ----polygons.
(A) called
(B) to call
(C) is called
(D) call as
答案:A
解释:此句主谓完整, 句中又无连词, 需填的只可能是非谓语成分, A 是过去分词短语作定语, 等效于which is called, 符合题意. C D 属谓语结构, 与原句谓语冲突; B 不定式表用途或目的, 意思不通
3. 过去分词作状语
过去分词也可放在句首、句中、句尾作句子的状语,常表示事件发生的背景或原因,
如:Seen from far away, the islands look like a chain of pearls in the midst of the lake.
Defeated in the final, the team gathered to analyze its technical disadvantages.
特别注意:分词状语的逻辑主语和句子的主语要保持一致. 选择题中, 经常要求考生在分词状语部分填入合适的过去分词或现在分词. 到底选择哪种分词, 考生可以采取这样的作题方法: 首先根据“分词状语的逻辑主语和句子的主语要保持一致”的原则确定状语部分的主语, 再判断这个主语和分词是什么关系, 若是主动关系则应该用现在分词, 若是被动关系则要用过去分词.
例题:
(1)
---- in 1635, the Boston Latin School is the oldest public school in the United States.
(A) Founded
(B) Founding
(C) To found
(D) Having founded
答案:A
解释:分词部分的逻辑主语也应当是the Boston Latin School, 它和found之间是被动关系, 所以空格处应填入过去分词
(2)
Almost destroy by fire in 1814, the White House was rebuilt and enlarged over the next three year.
应改为:Almost destroyed
解释:by是被动式的标志词, 动词destroy应用过去分词destroyed, 这样既表被动又构成句子的状语