2014年PETS四级语法复习讲义(八)

　　主谓一致

　　1、主语是抽象概念短语或从句作主语时，谓语用单数形式。

　　Collecting stamps is my favorite hobby.(动名词短语作主语)

　　That we have made such progress is a fact.(从句作主语)

　　2、what或which引导的主语从句的句子，谓语动词或系动词与表语的数一致。

　　What I want is a new bicycle. Which are your pictures?

　　3、两个以上的主语用and或both连接时，谓语用复数形式。例如：

　　Both Tom and Dick are good friends.

　　4、and所连接的两个词如指同一主体时，谓语则用单数形式。例如：

　　A singer and dancer was present at the party today.

　　A singer and a dancer were present at the party today.

　　5、集体名词作为整体意义时，谓语用单数形式，若指成员意义时，谓语则用复数形式。例如：

　　My family is a big one. My family are watching TV now.

　　6、主语是单数后面跟有as well as, with, together, like, but, except等短语时，谓语动词仍用单数形式。

　　(1)Kelly as well as the other students has learned how to type.

　　(2)Our school, with some few schools, was built in the 1960s.

　　7、两个主语由not only…but also, either…or, neither…nor相连接时，在肯定句中谓语变化取决于后者，在疑问句中取决于前者，例如：

　　Not only my parents but also my teacher has been to the party.

　　Either he or I am to go there.

　　Neither the students nor the teacher likes the film.

　　1、 people, police, cattle(牛群), militia(民兵)作主语时，谓语用复数形式。例如：

　　The police are still running after the murderer.

　　The cattle are grazing(放牧) in the fields.

　　2、 half of+单数名词时，谓语用单数形式;half of+复数名词时，谓语用复数形式。例如：

　　Half of the apple is rotten. Half of the apples are rotten.

　　10、书名、国名等名词作主语时，谓语用单数

　　Hamlet was written by Shakespear.

　　The United States is a large country.