短文理解 |||第一节短文理解 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的[A]、[B]、[C]和[D]四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
第21题单选修改
阅读下列短文,回答{TSE}题目.
It is often difficult for a man to be quite sure what tax he ought to pay to the government because it depends on so many different things：whether the man is married;how many children he has;whether he supports any relations;how much he earns;how much interest he receives;how much he has spent on his house during the year，and SO on and SO forth.All this makes it difficult to decide exactly how much the tax is.
There was a certain artist who was always very careful to pay the proper amount.
One year，after posting his check as usual，he began to wonder if he had paid enough，and after a lot of work，with a pencil and paper，he decided that he had not.He believed that he owed the government something.
He was just writing another check to send to the tax-collector when the postman dropped a letter into the box at the front door.Opening it，the artist was surprised to find inside it a check for five pounds from the taxcollector.The official explmned that too much had been paid，and that therefore the difference was now returned to the taxpayer.
{TS} It is mentioned in the passage that one has to pay tax according__________.
A.how much education one has received
B.whether one is single or married
C.how old one’s children are
D.where one lives
参考答案：B
参考解析： 参考译文
一个人往往很难确切地知道他应该向政府交多少税。交税的金额由很多方面决定：是否已婚、孩子的多少、是否要资助亲戚、挣多少钱、能得到多少利息以及每年在房子上花费多少钱等等。所有这些方面使得很难决定税款的确切数额。有个艺术家，他总是很小心地缴纳合适的税款数额。有一年，他照例邮寄了纳税支票后，却开始怀疑自己是否交足了税额。用纸笔经过一番计算后，他认为自己没有交够，还欠政府一些钱。
但是正在他写另一张缴税支票时，邮递员在他前门的邮箱里放了一封信。打开后，艺术家惊奇地发现原来是税务官寄来的5镑的支票。税务官解释说，他的税额交多了，因此，多余的税款现在要退还纳税人。
答案及解析
B【解析】事实细节题。题干意为“文章提到，一个人应该根据什么来缴税?”由文章的第一段第一句话看出，一个人所缴税款是由很多方面决定的。whether the man is married是其中的一项。所以正确的答案为B。
第22题单选修改
The underlined word“proper”in the second paragraph means__________.
A.small
B.big
C.right
D.wrong
参考答案：C
参考解析：C【解析】词语释义题。题干意为“第二段第一行‘proper’的意思是什么?”“proper”的意思是“适当的，合适的”。由文章的最后两段可知，艺术家担心自己这次缴税不够，打算再次补交。所以他以前交的都是合适的。所以正确的答案为C。
第23题单选修改
After a lot of work，the artist thought.that：he had paid the government__________.
A.less tax than he should have
B.more tax than he should have
C.as much tax as usual
D.just enough tax
参考答案：A
参考解析：A【解析】事实细节题。题干意为“经过计算后，艺术家认为这次他缴纳的税款如何?”从文章的第三段内容可知，He believed that heowed the govemment something.根据意思，他认为自己仍欠政府的钱，缴纳的应该比实际缴的多。所以正确的答案为A。
第24题单选修改
Why did the tax-collector send a letter to the artist?
A.To send him a new tax form.
B.To return the money over-paid.
C.To remind him of paying the tax.
D.To explain the rules of tax-paying.
参考答案：B
参考解析：B【解析】推理判断题。题干意为“为什么税务官给艺术家寄一封信?”由文章的最后一句话可知，too much had been paid，他的税额交多了，因此，多余的税款现在退还纳税人。所以正确的答案为B。
