2017考研英语语法小讲：动词接不定式和动名词的差异

2017考研英语语法小讲：动词接不定式和动名词的差异

　　动词可接不定式也可接动名词做宾语，但意义有差别。

　　(1)like, love, hate, prefer等表示喜爱，厌恶的动词后面，可用动名词也可用不定式作宾语，意义差别不大。但当这些词前面有should或would时，一定要用动词不定式作宾语。表示想要，愿意，打算。例如：

　　She likes dancing. But she wouldn’t like to dance with you. 她喜欢跳舞。(泛指)但他不喜欢和你跳。(特指)

　　He looked tired and I didn’t like to disturb him. 他看上去很累，我不想打扰他。

　　I don’t like reading, but I’d like to read a magazine in bed tonight. 我不喜欢看书，但是今天晚上倒想躺在床上看本杂志。

　　Little Jim should love to be taken to the theatre this evening. 小吉姆今晚喜欢被带去看戏。

　　The reporter would /should like to see you again. 那位记者还想见见你。

　　We don’t like talking about people behind their backs.我们不喜欢背后议论人。

　　hate to do sth 表示“真不想做某事，(但不得不做)”。如：

　　I hate to disturb you now, but I have no choice. 我真不想现在打扰你，但没有办法。

　　(2) forget to do sth.忘记去做某事(未做)

　　forget doing sth.忘记做过某事(已做)

　　例如：

　　The light in the office is still on. She forgot to turn it off. 办公室的灯还在亮着。她忘记关了。(关灯的动作没做)

　　The light in the office is off. She turned it off, but she forgot turning it off. 办公室的灯没亮着。是她关的，但她忘记关过灯。(已关过灯，她忘了)

　　她昨天又来还我二百元钱。她忘记上个月还我了。→She came to pay back RMB 200 to me again yesterday. She forgot having paid it back to me last month.

　　(3)remember to do sth.记着去做某事

　　remember doing sth. 记得做过某事

　　例如：

　　Do you remember meeting me at a party last year? 你记得去年一次宴会上见过我吗?(已见过面)

　　You must remember to leave tomorrow。 你一定要记着明天离开。(还没离开)

　　(4)stop to do sth. 停下来去做另一件事

　　stop doing sth. 停止做某事

　　例如：

　　She stopped to have a rest on a big rock by the side of the path. 她停下来，在路边的一块大石头上休息。

　　As long as you live, your heart never stops beating, 只要你活着，你的心脏就永远不会停止跳动。

　　(5) regret to do sth. 对尚未做的或正在做的事情表示遗憾;

　　regret doing sth. 对已做的事情表示后悔

　　例如：

　　I regret saying that.  我后悔说了那话。

　　I regret to tell you the following truth.  我非常遗憾地告诉你下面这个事实。

　　(6)try to do sth努力去做某事

　　try doing sth.做某事试一试

　　例如：

　　You must try to do it again. 你必须想方设法再做一次。

　　Let’s try doing the work in some other way. 咱们用另一种方法做这工作试试。

　　(7) mean to do sth. 打算、意欲做某事

　　mean doing sth.意味着做某事

　　例如：

　　If it means delaying more than a week, I’ll not wait. 如果这意味着拖延一个多星期，我就不等了。

　　I mean to help you, and nothing else. 我想帮助你们，没别的。

　　我不是想伤害你，对不起。→I didn’t mean to hurt you. I’m sorry.

　　宣布台独就是对中国宣战。→Declaring Taiwan independent means declaring war on China.

　　(8) go on to do sth.做了一件事又去做另一件

　　go on doing sth继续做原来的事情

　　例如：

　　After he finished his maths, he went on to do his physics. 他作完数学后，接着又做物理。

　　I hope it won’t go on raining all day long.  我希望这雨别一天下个没完。