2019年考研英语基础练习题(1)_第2页

　　　　Section II Reading Comprehension

　　　　Part A

　　　　Directions:

　　　　Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D.

　　　　Text 1

　　In a democratic society citizens are encouraged to form their own opinions on candidates for public office,

　　taxes, constitutional amendments, environmental concerns, foreign policy, and other issues. The opinions held by

　　any population are shaped and manipulated by several factors: individual circumstances, the mass media, special

　　interest groups, and opinion leaders.

　　Wealthy people tend to think differently on social issues from poor people. Factory workers probably do

　　not share the same views as white collar, nonunion workers. Women employed outside their homes sometimes

　　have perspectives different from those of full time homemakers. In these and other ways individual status shapes

　　one’s view of current events.

　　The mass media, especially television, are powerful influences on the way people think and act. Government

　　officials note how mail from the public tends to “follow the headlines”. Whatever is featured in newspapers and

　　magazines and on television attracts enough attention that people begin to inform themselves and to express

　　opinions.

　　The mass media have also created larger audiences for government and a wider range of public issues than

　　before. Prior to television and the national editions of newspapers, issues and candidates tended to remain

　　localized. In Great Britain and West Germany, for example, elections to the national legislatures were usually

　　viewed by voters as local contests. Today’s elections are seen as struggles between party leaders and programs.

　　In the United States radio and television have been beneficial to the presidency. Since the days of Franklin

　　D.Roosevelt and his “fireside chats”, presidents have appealed directly to a national audience over the heads of

　　Congress to advocate their programs.

　　Special groups spend vast sums annually trying to influence public opinion. Public utilities, for instance,

　　tried to sway public opinion in favor of nuclear power plants. Opposed to them were citizens’ organizations that

　　lobbied to halt the use of nuclear power. During the 1960s the American Medical Association conducted an

　　unsuccessful advertising campaign designed to prevent the passage of Medicare.

　　Opinion leaders are usually such prominent public figures as politicians, show business personalities, and

　　celebrity athletes. The opinions of these individuals, whether informed and intelligent or not, carry weight with

　　some segments of the population. Some individuals, such as Nobel prizewinners, are suddenly thrust into public

　　view by the media. By quickly reaching a large audience, their views gain a hearing and are perhaps influential in

　　shaping views on complex issues.

　　21. The second paragraph is mainly about the influence of .

　　[A] gender on people’s view [B] people’s status on their view

　　[C] living standard on people’s view [D] different ranks on people’s view

　　22. The expression “follow the headlines” (Line 2, Para. 3) shows .

　　[A] people seldom have time to read newspaper articles

　　[B] people think the headlines contain the most important information

　　[C] people often get their opinions from newspapers or television

　　[D] most people look on newspapers or TV as misleading

　　23. Which of the following suggests the role of TV in the shaping of public opinion?

　　[A] TV programs have a strong influence on governmental policy.

　　[B] Chats on televisions are chief means for running for presidency.

　　[C] More and more people show interest in politics because of TV.

　　[D] Before the use of TV, people showed little interest in politics.

　　24. It is obvious that the opinions of famous people .

　　[A] is often ignored by the public [B] is seldom expressed to the point

　　[C] is often imposed on the public [D] has a strong influence on people

　　25. According to the passage, which of the following is true?

　　[A] The viewpoints of people in different circumstances are totally different.

　　[B] The mass media is the most important means that influences people’s opinions.

　　[C] Some interest groups sometimes are not on the behalf of common people.

　　[D] The views of the public are influence by famous public figures because their opinions are more

　　reasonable.

　　　　Text 2

　　For the generation that grew up during the feminist revolution and the rapid social change of the 1960s and

　　1970s, it at first seemed achievement enough just to “make it” in a man’s world. But coupled with their ambition,

　　today’s women have developed a fierce determination to find new options for being both parent and professional

　　without sacrificing too much to either role or burning themselves out beyond redemption.

　　Women have done all of the accommodating in terms of time, energy and personal sacrifice that is humanly

　　possible, and still they have not reached true integration in the workplace. For a complicated set of

　　reasons---many beyond their control---they feel conflict between their careers and their children. All but a rare

　　few quickly dispel the myth that superwoman ever existed.

　　For many women, profession and family are pitted against one another on a high-stakes collision of their

　　professions. In the home, men and women struggle to figure out how dual-career marriages should work. Role

　　conflict for women reaches far beyond the fundamental work/family dilemma to encompass a whole

　　constellation of fiercely competing priorities. Women today find themselves in an intense battle with a society

　　that cannot let go of a narrowly defined work ethic that is supported by a family structure that has not existed for

　　decades. The unspoken assumption persists that there is still a woman at home to raise the children and manage

　　the household. But the economic reality is that most people, whether in two-parent or single-parent families, need

　　to work throughout their adult lives. As a consequence, the majority of today’s mothers are in the labor market.

　　The first full-fledged generation of women in the professions did not talk about their overbooked agenda or

　　the toll it took on them and their families. They knew that their position in the office was shaky at best. With

　　virtually no choice in the matter, they bought into the traditional notion of success in the workplace—usually

　　attained at the high cost of giving up an involved family life. If they suffered self-doubt or frustration about how

　　hollow professional success felt without complementary rewards from the home, they blamed themselves---either

　　for expecting too much or for doing too little. And they asked themselves questions that held no easy answers:

　　Am I expecting too much? Is it me? Am I alone in this dilemma? Do other women truly have it all?

　　Until now, this has been a private dilemma, unshared, as each woman was left to forge her own unique

　　solution to merging her dual loyalties to work and family. Too often she felt that alone had failed to achieve a

　　comfortable balance between the two.

　　26. According to the passage, today’s women .

　　[A] want to achieve a balance between her loyalties to work and family

　　[B] are stronger advocates of gender equality than the older generation

　　[C] do not want to sacrifice anything at all for the desired liberation

　　[D] are getting no nearer to achieving their ambition

　　27. The myth held by some “superwomen” is that they can .

　　[A] reconcile their careers with parental responsibilities.

　　[B] devote themselves to their career without regard for their children

　　[C] resist the temptation of their ambition to make great achievements

　　[D] resolve the conflicts between their careers and children without any sacrifice

　　28. In what way do women today find themselves in an intense battle with the society?

　　[A] The society regards women as less able to perform social tasks.

　　[B] Women do too much about their career and too little about their families.

　　[C] The society still holds the traditional image about a family.

　　[D] Women no longer regard the family as a basic unit of the society.

　　29. When women fail to achieve a balance between work and children, they .

　　[A] let things go their own courses [B] admit that they are not superwomen

　　[C] usually choose to give up their work [D] often blame themselves for it

　　30. The author’s attitude towards women’s dilemma seems to be one of .

　　[A] suspicion [B] indifference [C] irony [D] sympathy

　　　　Text 3

　　One of the earliest changes experienced by newly modernizing countries is the reduction of infectious

　　disease through the diffusion of public health technology. Public health technology lowers the death rate,

　　especially among infants and children, causing rapid population growth. Since most of the people of less

　　developed nations live in rural areas that cannot absorb the increased population, unemployment presses people

　　off the land. They tend to migrate into urban areas where newly developing industry and commerce and modern

　　consumer goods and services offer hope for employment and a better life. Unfortunately, the opportunities are

　　more apparent than real; and often the transition is more painful than pleasant.

　　In the course of the transition from agrarian life to modern urban living, the family undergoes major changes

　　in function, structure, relations, and style. Functionally, the family changes from a production unit to a

　　consumption unit. No longer is there need for a large multi-worker household to operate the family’s farm

　　interests, and the extended family household changes to the one containing only a core nuclear family. In the city

　　children become economic liabilities rather than economic assets, and eventually families have fewer of them.

　　Wives lose their functions as producers and maintainers of the labor force and become free to pursue extra

　　household activities.

　　The modern economy forces work outside the home away from kinfolk. Not the father but also the mother is

　　forced into the marketplace or factory to obtain enough money for the family to survive in a pecuniary economy.

　　Without the extended family household, no one remains at home to supervise children, so they are left on their

　　own. They may be sent into the streets to earn money. Daily life becomes filled with more secondary than

　　primary relations. There is an erosion of family control over individual members.

　　Scarce urban housing forces overcrowding in both dwelling and neighborhood. Dense structures with

　　common halls, stairways, and utilities cause more intensive contact with neighbors than in rural villages. Loss of

　　rural courtyards, oven rooms, and large family areas drives group activities such as cooking, eating, and sitting

　　into small rooms or city streets. More positively, household furnishings change as families are able to acquire the

　　high-status accoutrements of modern living such as kerosene burners for cooking(replacing dung cakes)and beds

　　(instead of mats).

　　31. The spread of public health technology .

　　[A] lowered the birthrate [B] decreased infectious disease

　　[C] created more employment opportunities [D] eradicated the infectious disease

　　32. By “wives lose their functions as producers and maintainers of the labor force”, the author means

　　that .

　　[A] many women are no longer able to join the labor force

　　[B] many women become too weak to work

　　[C] many women refuse to have children

　　[D] the major job for women is no longer to give birth to and bring up children

　　33. The first sentence of Paragraph 3, “The modern economy forces work outside the home away from

　　kinfolk” means that .

　　[A] the forces of modern economy operate beyond the influence of the family

　　[B] the forces of modern economy are going out of the family

　　[C] modern economy forces work to go out of the family

　　[D] modern economy forces work which is outside the home to move away from family members

　　34. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?

　　[A] In today’s city life, nobody is willing to stay home to supervise children.

　　[B] Today’s city family has very weak control over its members.

　　[C] Extended families from the countryside survive only in mutual activities.

　　[D] All immigrants from abroad need help from relatives to become independent.

　　35. According to the author, it is good that .

　　[A] neighbors in cities have more intensive contact with one another than rural people.

　　[B] group activities such as cooking, eating, and sitting take place in small rooms or city streets

　　[C] families are able to acquire the high-status accoutrements of modern living

　　[D] there is a cultural lag in the U.S.

　　　　Text 4

　　Before a big exam, a sound night’s sleep will do you more good than poring over textbooks. That, at least,

　　is the folk wisdom. And science, in the form of behavioral psychology, supports that wisdom. But such

　　behavioral studies cannot distinguish between two competing theories of why sleep is good for the memory. One

　　says that sleep is when permanent memories form. The other says that they are actually formed during the day,

　　but then “edited” at night, to flush away what is superfluous.

　　To tell the difference, it is necessary to look into the brain of a sleeping person, and that is hard. But after a

　　decade of painstaking work, a team led by Pierre Maquet at Liege University in Belgium has managed to do it.

　　The particular stage of sleep in which the Belgian group is interested in is rapid eye movement(REM) sleep,

　　when brain and body are active, heart rate and blood pressure increase, the eyes move back and forth behind the

　　eyelids as if watching a movie, and brainwave traces resemble those of wakefulness. It is during this period of

　　sleep that people are most likely to relive events of the previous day in dreams.

　　Dr. Maquet used an electronic device called PET to study the brains of people as they practiced a task during

　　the day, and as they slept during the following night. The task required them to press a button as fast as possible,

　　in response to a light coming on in one of six positions. As they learnt how to do this, their response times got

　　faster. What they did not know was that the appearance of the lights sometimes followed a pattern---what is

　　referred to as “artificial grammar”. Yet the reductions in response time showed that they learnt faster when the

　　pattern was present than when there was not.

　　What is more, those with more to learn (i.e., the” grammar”, as well as the mechanical task of pushing the

　　button) have more active brains. The “editing” theory would not predict that, since the number of irrelevant

　　stimuli would be the same in each case. And to eliminate any doubts that the experimental subjects were learning

　　as opposed to unlearning, their response times when they woke up were even quicker than when they went to

　　sleep.

　　The team, therefore, concluded that the nerve connections involved in memory are reinforced through

　　reactivation during REM sleep, particularly if the brain detects an inherent structure in the material being learnt.

　　So now, on the eve of that crucial test, maths students can sleep soundly in the knowledge that what they will

　　remember the next day are the basic rules of algebra and not the incoherent talk from the radio next door.

　　36. The phrase “poring over” in the first sentence of the text may be best interpreted as .

　　[A] memorizing with great effort [B] studying with close attention

　　[C] learning earnestly from [D] going thoroughly through

　　37. The reason why sleep is good for the memory .

　　[A] is to be clarified by behavioral psychology

　　[B] is rooted in its function of relaxing the brain

　　[C] lies in its contribution to the formation of lasting memories

　　[D] stems from its compiling memories and ridding things unwanted

　　38. During REM sleep, which of the following will happen?

　　[A] An increase in brain activities. [B] A drop in blood pressure.

　　[C] The slowing down of the heartbeat [D] The review of the day’s experiences.

　　39. The experimenters found that their subjects .

　　[A] learnt quickly how to respond to the light stimuli

　　[B] pushed the button faster in the absence of the light pattern

　　[C] increased their response time as they learnt the artificial grammar

　　[D] picked up the artificial grammar during their REM sleep

　　40. The Belgian group reached the conclusion that .

　　[A] the second theory failed to cover all the brain responses during sleep

　　[B] REM sleep reactivates the connections between the nerves and the memory

　　[C] it’s beyond doubt that the subjects were learning in contrast with unlearning

　　[D] the brain works more efficiently by knowing a set pattern of things to be learnt

　　　　Part B

　　　　Directions:

　　　　The following paragraphs are given in a wrong order. For questions 41you’re you are required to

　　　　reorganize the paragraphs into a coherent text by choosing from the list [A]~[G] to fill in each numbered

　　　　box. The first and last paragraphs have been placed for you in Boxes. Mark your answers on Answer

　　　　Sheet 1. (10 points)

　　[A] One cannot think of any public statement of hers that was especially brilliant or witty. She was more

　　innocent than clever; even her confession of an affair to a reporter sounded girlish. If pressed, few could say

　　exactly what it was that made her so important, especially to people outside England, except for the fact that

　　one could not take one’s eyes off the woman.

　　[B] Her life never seemed as tragic as it was often made out---just sad, and a little off. She married the wrong

　　man. Her in-laws could be vindictive. For every photographer eager to capture a picture of her in one of those

　　astonishing evening gowns or hats, another was skulking in the bushes ready to bring her down.

　　[C] The sudden death of an admired public person always seems an impossibility. People ascribe invulnerability,

　　near immortality to our centers of attention. John Kennedy dies, and it could not happen. John Lennon dies,

　　and it could not happen. Elvis, and Grace Kelly, and shock after shock. And now this death of a young

　　woman by whom the world had remained transfixed from the moment she first appeared before it, whose

　　name contained the shadow of her end: Princess Di.

　　[D] In a way, she was more royal than the royals. She had a higher station than the Queen of England; she was

　　the titular young monarch of her own country and of every other place in the world. She was the sentimental

　　favorite figurehead, who was authorized to sign no treaties, command no armies, make no wars. All she had

　　was the way she looked and sounded and carried herself. No model or actress could hold a candle to her. She

　　was the image every child has of a princess----the one who can feel the pea under the mattresses, who kisses

　　the frog, who lets down her hair from the tower window.

　　[E] But who would have believed it? People thought every thought that could be thought about Diana, but not

　　death. She was beauty, death’s antithesis. Beauty is given not only a special place of honor in the world but

　　also a kind of permanence, as if it were an example of tendency of nature to perfect itself, and therefore

　　something that once achieved, lives forever.

　　[F] Yet that was no small thing. Diana was someone one had to look at, and such a person comes along once in a

　　blue moon. She had a soft heart; that was evident. She had a knack for helping people in distress. And all

　　such qualities rose in a face that everyone was simply pleased to see.

　　[G] Her marriage was gone long before her death. As the years went on, it is likely that there would have been

　　other romances after Dodi al Fayed to titillate the throngs. Exactly how her life would have progressed is

　　hard to imagine. She would have continued to be a good mother and a worker for the ill and the poor; she

　　would have been pictured from time to time at a dinner party or on a boat. In older age she might have

　　become the King’s mother, welcomed back into the royal family at a time of life that is automatically

　　accorded stature. How would she have looked? The hair whiter, the skin a bit more lined, but the eyes would

　　still have had that sweet mixture of kindness and longing. By then the story of her and Charles, the scandals

　　and recriminations, might have been lost in smoke.

　　[H] Yet if people now were asked how they will remember Diana, what picture among the thousands they will

　　hold in their mind, it would not be Diana at an official ceremony, or with a boyfriend, or even with her

　　children. It would be her on the day of her wedding, when all the world was glad to be her subject and when

　　she gave everyone who looked at her the improbable idea that life was beautiful.

　　考研英语模拟测试题二" />

　　　　Part C

　　　　Directions:

　　　　Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese.

　　China has been through a wrenching series of changes and experiments. (46) It is not for me, or for others in

　　America, to tell China what its economic system should be. What works best for China will be a system rooted in

　　China itself-in Chinese customs and traditions and ways of doing things. (47) The proof of any system lies in its

　　results: in the extent to which it provides for the people more of what those people want. What the people of

　　China want will not be in all respects the same as what the people of the United States would want. But in some

　　respects it will be the same. The bottom lines test of any economic system is whether it works. (48) An economic

　　system that works is one that creates incentives to produce, and provides a fair distribution of what is produced.

　　What incentives will work, what distribution is seen to be “fair”---these are questions that different cultures may

　　answer differently, and that even the same culture may answer differently in different periods of history or at

　　different stages of its development.

　　Among the great nations, the United States’ economic system is the most successful in history in producing

　　prosperity. The Chinese system is the most successful in history in producing equality. (49)The challenge we

　　both face is to avoid forcing people to make a hard choice between a system at one extreme which provides

　　equality but would perpetuate poverty and one at the other extreme which provides prosperity but would ignore

　　poverty. Poverty is too high a price to pay for either equality or prosperity. China’s challenge is to support the

　　principle of equality without destroying the productivity of the people. America’s challenge is to provide

　　prosperity which gives all an opportunity to escape from poverty. (50) Our systems are profoundly different, but

　　in long view our goal of a better life for all our people is the same.

　　　　Section III Writing

　　　　Part A

　　51. Directions:

　　An English summer camp is to be held for overseas students in America. You are applying for admission to

　　it. Write a letter to

　　1) introduce yourself,

　　2) offer your reason(s) for application, and

　　3) ask for an application form.

　　Write your letter with no less than 100 words. Write it neatly on Answer Sheet 2.

　　Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter, use “Li Ming” instead. You do not need to write the

　　address. (10 points)

　　　　Part B

　　52. Directions:

　　Study the following cartoon and write an essay in which you should

　　1) describe the set of drawings, interpret its meaning, and

　　2) point out possible reasons and suggestions.

　　You should write about 200 words neatly on Answer Sheet 2.

　　Section I

　　1.[答案][B]flock

　　[注释] 词义搭配。a flock of people 一群人。a pack of 后接人，表示贬义，故被排除。Multiple 倍数，不用 a multiple

　　of 这种结构。The bulk of 接不可数名词，意为“大多数”，如：the bulk of the English population(1999 年 44

　　题)。

　　2.[答案][A]loss

　　[注释] 词义搭配。Loss 不知所措，茫然。Panic惊恐，不能入选，因为它言过其实。Benefit 好处;surprise 惊奇，

　　均与本句句意相悖，故被排除。

　　3.[答案][C]agencies

　　[注释] 词义搭配。advertising agency 广告社。host 主人;主持人;advocate提倡者，鼓吹者;opponent反对者，

　　均不符合句意。

　　4.[答案][D]while

　　[注释] 逻辑型结构搭配。while……时，可以引导分词短语。as 从语法结构上说，不能接现在分词短语表时间。

　　If 和 though与句意不符。

　　5.[答案][C]from

　　[注释] 结构搭配。change n. 后可接介词 from，表示“离开……后的变化”。

　　6.[答案][B]lied

　　[注释] 词义搭配。第 1 段最后一句写道：“调查对象可能出于礼貌而不说实话”。第 2 段就阐述两种人的说话音

　　调表示不同的心理活动：前一种“不说实话”，后一种“真诚”。所以从上下文看，此处选[B]lied 符合题意。

　　7.[答案][A]with

　　[注释] 词义搭配。此句中 with 表示行为对象。

　　8.[答案][D]approving

　　[注释] 词义型结构搭配。approve of 赞同，本句中填 approving 无论在词义上和结构上都是正确的。conform符

　　合，与……相一致，后接介词 to。agree 同意，后接 with/to/on。conceive设想，以为;怀有，虽可接 of，

　　但词义与句意不符。

　　9.[答案][A]involvement

　　[注释] 词义搭配。involvement 卷入，投入，牵连，后常接介词 in。 response 反应，回答，后接介词 to。reflection

　　反射，反应;反省，反思，后接介词 of/on 。例如：a reflection of a tree(树的倒影);reflections on the past

　　(对往事的回忆反思)。

　　10.[答案][D]equipped

　　[注释] 词义搭配。四个选项的动词后面都能接 with，但 equip 的词义与下列三词不同：feed sth. with 用……来

　　提供……;supply sth./sb. with sth. 用……来提供……;provide sb./sth. with sth.用……来提供……。Equip

　　sth./sb/with sth.用……装备……。可见，本题选 equipped 最贴切。

　　11.[答案][C]typical

　　[注释] 词义搭配。根据上下文的意思，此句意为：“被认为有代表性的人从街上被带入戏院。”故选 typical 符

　　合句意。

　　12.[答案][D]indicate

　　[注释] 词义搭配。demonstrate vt.论证，证实;演示，说明; designate vt.清楚地标出、指出，例如：designate the

　　city in a map。 debate about sth. 争论，辩论。indicate vt.指出，表明。综上所述，indicate是最佳选择。

　　13.[答案][B]against

　　[注释] 结构搭配。介词 against 表示“对照”。as with 与……一样;as to 关于;under 在……下，均与题意不符。

　　14.[答案][C]body

　　[注释] 词义搭配。the body of……的主体，如：the body of a plane(机身)。 the main body of evidence 其中大

　　量证据。the number of 接可数名词的复数形式，意为“……的数目”，例如：the number of factories a series

　　of 接可数名词复数形式，意为“一系列……”，例如：a series of experiments(一系列试验)。 proportion of

　　A to B 意为“A 与 B 的比例”，例如：the proportion of imports to exports (进口与出口的比例)。

　　15.[答案][A]exhibit

　　[注释] 词义搭配。exhibit vt.展出，表现出;extend vi/vt.延长，延伸;给予;expand vi/vt.膨胀，发展; exert vt.

　　施加(力等)。

　　16.[答案][B]than

　　[注释] 结构搭配。此句中 than 连接两个时间状语从句，表示比较。

　　17.[答案][B]labeled

　　[注释] 词义结构搭配。Be labeled + n. 被标为……,被列为……。如选 regarded 或 recognized,则后接 as。如选

　　assumed，则后接 to be。

　　18.[答案][C]medium

　　[注释] 词义搭配。从上下文看，此处是说电视，故选 medium(媒体)。

　　19.[答案][C]chance

　　[注释] 词义搭配。Chance 意为“机会，可能性”，本句中 chance 意指“可能性”，作抽象名词用，相当于 possibility,

　　后接同位语从句。Opportunity 机遇，不合题意。Scope范围;capacity 容量，能力，均不能入选。

　　20.[答案][D]remembered

　　[注释] 词义搭配。Reject vt.拒绝，排斥;review vt.复习，回顾;revive vt.恢复，均不符合句意。只有 remember

　　符合句意。

　　　　Section II答案详解

　　　　Part A

　　　　Text 1

　　21.[B] 细节题。文章中所提到的贫富不同，工作不同，上班妇女与家庭主妇的不同都是具体的例子，概括起

　　来即为该段最后一句中的 individual status，故选[B]。

　　22.[C] 细节题。第三段指出，媒体，特别是电视对人的思维方式和行为模式有巨大影响。政府官员注意到：

　　群众来信大都“跟着标题走”。这说明，人们主要从媒体获得信息，并受其影响。

　　23.[C] 细节题。第四段主要讲述大众媒体，尤其是电视和全国性的报纸，使政府和人民之间的关系发生变化。

　　政府比以前有了更多的观众，人们也更广泛地关注社会问题。[C]符合此段的意思。[A]、[B]文中未提及，[D]与第

　　四段内容相反。

　　24.[D] 细节题。根据最后一段第二句可知，名人的观点，无论明智与否，也不管是否建立在全面消息之上，

　　在某些公众心中很有分量。

　　25.[C] 推断题。第五段举例说明不同利益群体从自身利益出发影响公众的观点，因而[C]项“一些利益组织有

　　时并未站在大众利益的角度上”是符合文章观点的。[A]项过于绝对，文中未明确指出;[B]项文章中没有指出大众

　　传媒是最重要的;[D]与最后一段第二句不符。

　　　　Text 2

　　26.[A] 细节题。第一段第二句提到，但是伴随着她们的雄心勃勃，现在的妇女已决定在职业和做家长之间做出

　　新的选择，以使两种角色都牺牲不大，或以使自己不必那么疲惫不堪。最后一段也总结说，每个妇女面临着自己的

　　困难(unshared 在这里应该理解为 unshared by other women),对于如何协调家庭和工作的关系问题，她们每一个人

　　都必须自行解决。但是，她们经常感到自己力不从心，不能在二者之间找到满意的平衡。

　　27.[B] 推断题。第二段提到，妇女在时间、精力、个人所做的牺牲上都做出了力所能及的调整，但是，她们

　　还是不能够全身心地投入工作中。由于一系列复杂的原因---许多因素是她们无法控制的，她们感到在工作和照料孩

　　子之间存在着矛盾，除了为数不多的人外，几乎所有的人都不再相信存在着女超人。由此来看，这里所谓的“女超

　　人”，当指既能做好工作，又能同时照料好孩子的女人。

　　28.[C] 细节题。第三段第五、六句提到，今天，妇女发现自己与社会处于激烈的斗争中，因为社会对于职业

　　道德还抱着狭隘的认识，它们没意识到，支持这种职业道德的那种家庭结构几十年前就已经消亡。但是，人们还抱

　　着这样的认识，认为家里应该总是有一个女人照料孩子、做家务。

　　29.[D] 细节题。第四段提到，由于在工作和家庭之间几乎没有什么选择，她们应验了人们对工作妇女的传统

　　看法----工作上的成功总是以忽视家庭生活为代价的。如果她们因家事没有做好而感到事业的成功是多么地虚无缥

　　缈，她们就开始自责，责备自己要求太高，或责备自己做得太少。