As the departed US soldiers suggest, this city is no longer part of a Cold War country living what Safer Seneca, a German intellectual of Turkish descent, has called a quasi a-national exis??tence under the umbrella of the West. Far from it, this is now the financial center of a strong Germany seeking to define and express a new national pride.
But Frankfurt is also the capital of a unique experiment in abolishing the nation-state through the voluntary abandonment of sovereignty involved in giving up national control of monetary poli??cy and adopting a common currency.
So the Continent's largest state, on reborn only in 1990, yet also one that is being abolished, veers, this way and that in its mood, one minute nostalgic for a proud Fatherland, the next in the vanguard of what Foreign Minister Joshua Fischer, himself a child of Frankfurt, calls a post-national era.
31. Frankfurt is referred to as aglobal citylike New York because of______________
[A] the foreign banks and businesses
[B] the number of foreigners in the city
[C] the 80,000 Muslims and mosques
[D] the refugees from former Yugoslavia
32. Quietly flows the Main River beneath that mock-New World skyline probably means that .
[A] The new central bank had a large inflow of funds
[B] The city life goes on quietly without racial conflicts
[C] The population moves quietly in the street of the city
[D] The foreigners come to the city like a flow of river
33. The word xenophobia probably means ____________ .
[A] fear of war [B] psychological nervousness
[C] hatred of foreigners [D] open, can-do spirit
34. With the end of the Cold War, Germany is expected to_____________ .
[A] remain under the umbrella of the U S
[B] assume a new national pride
[C] become the financial center of Europe
[D] have surges of rightist killings
35. The unique experiment of European Union requires Germany to_____________ .
[A] enter a post-national era
[B] return to the old proud Fatherland
[C] abandon sovereignty and government
[D] seek a shifting identity
Text 4
For many years, and discussion of reparations to compensate the descendants of African slaves for 246 years of bondage and another century of legalized discrimination was dismissed.
Opponents contend that the fledgling reparations movement overlooks many important facts. First, the assert, reparations usually are paid to direct victims, as was the case when the US gov??ernment apologized and paid compensation to Japanese-Americans interned during the World War II. Similarly, Holocaust (大屠杀) survivors have received payments from the Germans. In addition, not all blacks were slaves, and an estimated 3 000 were slave owners.
Also, many immigrants not only came to the United States after slavery ended, but they also faced discrimination. Should they pay reparations, too?Or should they receive them?
And regardless of how much slave labor contributed to the United States' wealth, opponents contend, blacks benefit from that wealth today. As a group, Afro-Americans are the best-educat??ed, wealthiest blacks on the planet.
But that attitude is slowly changing. At least 10 cities, including Chicago, Detroit and Washington, have passed resolutions in the past two years urging federal hearings into the impact of slavery. Mainstream civil rights groups such as National Association for the Advancement of Colored People, the National Urban League and the Southern Christian Leadership Conference regularly raise the issue.
The surging interest in reparable heightened sensitivity to the horrors of slavery, in which as many as 6 million Africans perished in the journey to the Americas alone. There also is growing attention being paid to the huge economic bounty, that slavery created for private companies and the country as a whole.
Earliest this year, Aetna Inc. apologized for selling insurance policies that compensated slave owners for financial losses when their slaves died. Last summer, the Hartford Courant in Connecticut printed a front-page apology for the profits it made from running ads for the sale of slaves and the capture of runaways. Next month, a new California law will require insurance companies to disclose any slave insurance policies they may have issued. The state also is requiring University of California officials to assemble a team of scholars to research the history of slavery and report how current California businesses benefited.
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