2022年考研英语(二)章节习题15

　　1、Text 2 No wonder they are called"patients".When people enter the health-care systems of rich countries today,they know what they will get:prodding doctors,endless tests,rising costs and,above all,long waits.Some stoicism will always be needed,because health care is complex and diligence matters.But frustration is boiling over.This week three of the biggest names in American business-Amazon,Berkshire Hathaway and JPMorgan Chase-announced a new venture to provide better,cheaper health care for their employees.A fundamental problem with today's system is that patients lack knowledge and control.Access to data can bestow both.The intemet already enables patients to seek online consultations when and where it suits them.Yet radical change demands a shift in emphasis,from providers to patients and from doctors to data.That shift is happening.Technologies such as the smartphone allow people to monitor their own health.The possibilities multiply when you add the crucial missing ingredients-access to your own medical records and the ability easily to share information with those you trust.That allows you to reduce inefficiencies in your own treatment and also to provide data to help train medical algorithms.As with all new technologies,pitfalls accompany the promise.Hucksters will launch apps that do not work.But with regulators demanding oversight of apps that present risks to patients,users will harm only their wallets.Not everyone will want to take active control of their own health care;plenty will want the professionals to manage everything.The benefits of new technologies often flow disproportionately to the rich.Those fears are mitigated by the incentives that employers,govemments and insurers have to invest in cost-efficient preventive care for all.Other risks are harder to deal with.Greater transparency may encourage the hale and hearty not to take out health insurance.They may even make it harder for the unwell to find cover.Will the benefits ofmaking data more widely available outweigh such risks?The signs are that they will.Plenty of countries are now opening up their medical records,but few have gone as far as Sweden.It aims to give all its citizens electronic access to their medical records by 2020;over a third of Swedes have already set up accounts.Studies show that patients with such access have a better understanding of their illnesses,and that their treatment is more successful.Trials in America and Canada have produced not just happier patients but lower costs,as clinicians fielded fewer inquiries.That should be no surprise.No one has a greater interest in your health than you do.Trust in Doctor You. People may know their health condition better by using technology if_____

　　A their medical records are available

　　B they accept medical algorithms training

　　C data is paid much more attention

　　D health-carc institutions trust you

　　答案：A  

　　答案解析：事实细节题。根据定位词定位到文章第二段。该段指出，要彻底变革，需要将重心从医疗保健机构转向患者，从医生转向数据。人们可以利用智能手机等技术来监控自己的健康状况。如果你能够填补其中缺失的关键部分——访问自己的病历，并很容易把信息与你信任的人分享，那么用技术手段监控健康的可能性还会成倍增加。故A项为正确选项。【干扰排除】第二段最后一句提到，还能提供数据来帮助训练医疗算法，故B项“他们接受医学算法训练”与原文不符;C项“数据受到更多的重视”，原文未提及，属于无中生有;D项“医疗机构信任你”，利用trust作干扰，不符合文义。故均排除。

　　2、Text 2 No wonder they are called"patients".When people enter the health-care systems of rich countries today,they know what they will get:prodding doctors,endless tests,rising costs and,above all,long waits.Some stoicism will always be needed,because health care is complex and diligence matters.But frustration is boiling over.This week three of the biggest names in American business-Amazon,Berkshire Hathaway and JPMorgan Chase-announced a new venture to provide better,cheaper health care for their employees.A fundamental problem with today's system is that patients lack knowledge and control.Access to data can bestow both.The intemet already enables patients to seek online consultations when and where it suits them.Yet radical change demands a shift in emphasis,from providers to patients and from doctors to data.That shift is happening.Technologies such as the smartphone allow people to monitor their own health.The possibilities multiply when you add the crucial missing ingredients-access to your own medical records and the ability easily to share information with those you trust.That allows you to reduce inefficiencies in your own treatment and also to provide data to help train medical algorithms.As with all new technologies,pitfalls accompany the promise.Hucksters will launch apps that do not work.But with regulators demanding oversight of apps that present risks to patients,users will harm only their wallets.Not everyone will want to take active control of their own health care;plenty will want the professionals to manage everything.The benefits of new technologies often flow disproportionately to the rich.Those fears are mitigated by the incentives that employers,govemments and insurers have to invest in cost-efficient preventive care for all.Other risks are harder to deal with.Greater transparency may encourage the hale and hearty not to take out health insurance.They may even make it harder for the unwell to find cover.Will the benefits ofmaking data more widely available outweigh such risks?The signs are that they will.Plenty of countries are now opening up their medical records,but few have gone as far as Sweden.It aims to give all its citizens electronic access to their medical records by 2020;over a third of Swedes have already set up accounts.Studies show that patients with such access have a better understanding of their illnesses,and that their treatment is more successful.Trials in America and Canada have produced not just happier patients but lower costs,as clinicians fielded fewer inquiries.That should be no surprise.No one has a greater interest in your health than you do.Trust in Doctor You. Health-care system in wealthy countries is characterized by the following except____

　　A numerous checks

　　B higher cost

　　C impatient doctors

　　D complex infrastructure

　　答案：D  

　　答案解析：事实细节题。根据定位词定位到文章第一段。该段指出，如今，当人们进入富裕国家的医疗体系时，他们知道自己会面对什么：不停催促的医生、无休止的检查、不断上涨的费用，但最重要的是漫长的等待。观察各选项，只有D项原文未提及，故D项为正确选项。【干扰排除】由以上分析可知，A项“大量的检查”、B项“更高的费用”和C项“没有耐心的医生”，在原文均有出现，故均排除。

　　3、Text 2 No wonder they are called"patients".When people enter the health-care systems of rich countries today,they know what they will get:prodding doctors,endless tests,rising costs and,above all,long waits.Some stoicism will always be needed,because health care is complex and diligence matters.But frustration is boiling over.This week three of the biggest names in American business-Amazon,Berkshire Hathaway and JPMorgan Chase-announced a new venture to provide better,cheaper health care for their employees.A fundamental problem with today's system is that patients lack knowledge and control.Access to data can bestow both.The intemet already enables patients to seek online consultations when and where it suits them.Yet radical change demands a shift in emphasis,from providers to patients and from doctors to data.That shift is happening.Technologies such as the smartphone allow people to monitor their own health.The possibilities multiply when you add the crucial missing ingredients-access to your own medical records and the ability easily to share information with those you trust.That allows you to reduce inefficiencies in your own treatment and also to provide data to help train medical algorithms.As with all new technologies,pitfalls accompany the promise.Hucksters will launch apps that do not work.But with regulators demanding oversight of apps that present risks to patients,users will harm only their wallets.Not everyone will want to take active control of their own health care;plenty will want the professionals to manage everything.The benefits of new technologies often flow disproportionately to the rich.Those fears are mitigated by the incentives that employers,govemments and insurers have to invest in cost-efficient preventive care for all.Other risks are harder to deal with.Greater transparency may encourage the hale and hearty not to take out health insurance.They may even make it harder for the unwell to find cover.Will the benefits ofmaking data more widely available outweigh such risks?The signs are that they will.Plenty of countries are now opening up their medical records,but few have gone as far as Sweden.It aims to give all its citizens electronic access to their medical records by 2020;over a third of Swedes have already set up accounts.Studies show that patients with such access have a better understanding of their illnesses,and that their treatment is more successful.Trials in America and Canada have produced not just happier patients but lower costs,as clinicians fielded fewer inquiries.That should be no surprise.No one has a greater interest in your health than you do.Trust in Doctor You. Who may gain the most profit of new technology?

　　A The developers.

　　B The wealthy.

　　C The govemments.

　　D The regulators.

　　答案：B  

　　答案解析：事实细节题。根据定位词定位到文章第四段，profits为benefits的同义替换，原文指出新技术带来的好处常常过多地流向富人，故B项为正确选项。【干扰排除】由以上分析可知，A项“开发者”、C项“政府”和D项“监管者”均与原文不符，故均排除。

　　4、Text 2 No wonder they are called"patients".When people enter the health-care systems of rich countries today,they know what they will get:prodding doctors,endless tests,rising costs and,above all,long waits.Some stoicism will always be needed,because health care is complex and diligence matters.But frustration is boiling over.This week three of the biggest names in American business-Amazon,Berkshire Hathaway and JPMorgan Chase-announced a new venture to provide better,cheaper health care for their employees.A fundamental problem with today's system is that patients lack knowledge and control.Access to data can bestow both.The intemet already enables patients to seek online consultations when and where it suits them.Yet radical change demands a shift in emphasis,from providers to patients and from doctors to data.That shift is happening.Technologies such as the smartphone allow people to monitor their own health.The possibilities multiply when you add the crucial missing ingredients-access to your own medical records and the ability easily to share information with those you trust.That allows you to reduce inefficiencies in your own treatment and also to provide data to help train medical algorithms.As with all new technologies,pitfalls accompany the promise.Hucksters will launch apps that do not work.But with regulators demanding oversight of apps that present risks to patients,users will harm only their wallets.Not everyone will want to take active control of their own health care;plenty will want the professionals to manage everything.The benefits of new technologies often flow disproportionately to the rich.Those fears are mitigated by the incentives that employers,govemments and insurers have to invest in cost-efficient preventive care for all.Other risks are harder to deal with.Greater transparency may encourage the hale and hearty not to take out health insurance.They may even make it harder for the unwell to find cover.Will the benefits ofmaking data more widely available outweigh such risks?The signs are that they will.Plenty of countries are now opening up their medical records,but few have gone as far as Sweden.It aims to give all its citizens electronic access to their medical records by 2020;over a third of Swedes have already set up accounts.Studies show that patients with such access have a better understanding of their illnesses,and that their treatment is more successful.Trials in America and Canada have produced not just happier patients but lower costs,as clinicians fielded fewer inquiries.That should be no surprise.No one has a greater interest in your health than you do.Trust in Doctor You. Ineffective applications would make users

　　A take risks

　　B go bankrupt

　　C lose patience

　　D employ professionals

　　答案：D  

　　答案解析：推理判断题。根据定位词定位到文章第三段。该段指出，大吹大擂的商家会推出没有作用的应用程序。但由于监管机构要求监控所有会给患者带来风险的应用程序，所以用户最多只是金钱受损。不是每个人都想主动控制自己的医疗保健;很多人希望由专业人士管理这一切。故D项属于合理推断。【干扰排除】A项“冒险”、C项“失去耐心”原文未提及;B项“破产”，原文是说用户最多只是金钱受损，并没有达到破产的地步。故均排除。

　　5、Text 2 No wonder they are called"patients".When people enter the health-care systems of rich countries today,they know what they will get:prodding doctors,endless tests,rising costs and,above all,long waits.Some stoicism will always be needed,because health care is complex and diligence matters.But frustration is boiling over.This week three of the biggest names in American business-Amazon,Berkshire Hathaway and JPMorgan Chase-announced a new venture to provide better,cheaper health care for their employees.A fundamental problem with today's system is that patients lack knowledge and control.Access to data can bestow both.The intemet already enables patients to seek online consultations when and where it suits them.Yet radical change demands a shift in emphasis,from providers to patients and from doctors to data.That shift is happening.Technologies such as the smartphone allow people to monitor their own health.The possibilities multiply when you add the crucial missing ingredients-access to your own medical records and the ability easily to share information with those you trust.That allows you to reduce inefficiencies in your own treatment and also to provide data to help train medical algorithms.As with all new technologies,pitfalls accompany the promise.Hucksters will launch apps that do not work.But with regulators demanding oversight of apps that present risks to patients,users will harm only their wallets.Not everyone will want to take active control of their own health care;plenty will want the professionals to manage everything.The benefits of new technologies often flow disproportionately to the rich.Those fears are mitigated by the incentives that employers,govemments and insurers have to invest in cost-efficient preventive care for all.Other risks are harder to deal with.Greater transparency may encourage the hale and hearty not to take out health insurance.They may even make it harder for the unwell to find cover.Will the benefits ofmaking data more widely available outweigh such risks?The signs are that they will.Plenty of countries are now opening up their medical records,but few have gone as far as Sweden.It aims to give all its citizens electronic access to their medical records by 2020;over a third of Swedes have already set up accounts.Studies show that patients with such access have a better understanding of their illnesses,and that their treatment is more successful.Trials in America and Canada have produced not just happier patients but lower costs,as clinicians fielded fewer inquiries.That should be no surprise.No one has a greater interest in your health than you do.Trust in Doctor You. What's the author's attitude toward the easier access to medical records?

　　A Promising.

　　B Objective.

　　C Indifferent.

　　D Satisfied.

　　答案：A  

　　答案解析：态度方向题。根据定位词定位到文章最后一段。该段指出，广泛分享数据所带来的好处是否大于这些风险?种种迹象表明的确如此……研究表明，有这样渠道的患者更了解自己的疾病，而且他们的疾病治疗也更成功……没人比你自己更关心你的身体健康。所以相信你自己做医生的能力吧。由此可见，作者对更容易获取病历的态度是充满希望的，故A项为正确选项。【干扰排除】B项“客观的”，C项“漠不关心的”和D项“满意的”，均不符合作者的态度观点，故均排除。

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