2022年考研英语(二)章节习题11

　　1、Text 2 Death comes to all,but some are more sure of its timing,and can make plans.Kate Granger,a 32-year-old doctor suffering from an incurable form ofsarcoma,has"very strong ambitions"for her last hours.She plans to avoid hospital emergency departments and die at her parents'house-music playing,candles glowing,family by her side.Surveys show that over two-thirds of Britons would like to die at home.Like Dr Granger,they want to be with family and free of pain.Yet hospital remains the most common place of death.For some this is unavoidable-not every disease has as clear a tuming point as cancer-but for others a lack of planning is to blame.The government,motivated by both compassion and thrift,wants to help.In death,at least,public wishes align neatly with the state's desire to save money.The NHS has calculated that if roughly one more patient per general practitioner died outside hospital each year,it would save 180m($295m).In 2008 it introduced a broad end-of-life care strategy,which sought to increase awareness of how people die while improving care.Since then the proportion of people dying at home or in care homes(the split is about half-and-halfbetween them)has increased,from 38%t0 44%.To steer patients away from hospitals,general practitioners have been encouraged to find their l%-those patients likely to die in the next year-and start talking about end-of-life care.This can be difficult for doctors."As a profession we view death as failure,"says Dr Granger.Yet when there is no cure to be had,planning for death can be therapeutic for patients.Those who do plan ahead are much more likely to have their wishes met.A growing number of patients have electronic"palliative-care co-ordination systems",which allow doctors to register personal preferences so that other care providers can follow them.A paramedic called to a patient's home would know of a do-not-resuscitate order,for example.One study showed that such systems increase the number of people dying in their homes.But savings for the govemment may mean costs for charities and ordinary folk.At the end of life it is not always clear who should pay for what.Although Britons can get ordinary health care without paying out of pocket,social care is means-tested.People must ofien shell out for carers or care homes-or look after the terminally ill themselves.Disputes crop up over trivial things,like responsibility for the cost of a patient's bath.A bill now trundling through Parliament would cap the cost of an individual's social care.Still,some want it to be free for those on end-of-life registries.That would cut into the government's savings-but allow more people to die as they want. The best title of this text may be——

　　A Dying at Home

　　B Home Helpless

　　C Hospital Best

　　D End of Life Care

　　答案：A  

　　答案解析：主旨大意题。解决题目的关键是做完前四道题，大致猜出文章的中心，再通读各段首句，验证中心，全文通过比较英国人选择在哪里死亡的不同可以得出，文章体现的是更多英国人希望在家结束自己的生命，A项Dying at Home“家中安息”与此信息相匹配，故A项为正确选项。【干扰排除】B、C、D项虽然在文章中都有提及，但是不能概括文章所有的内容，因此应当排除。

　　2、Text 2 Death comes to all,but some are more sure of its timing,and can make plans.Kate Granger,a 32-year-old doctor suffering from an incurable form ofsarcoma,has"very strong ambitions"for her last hours.She plans to avoid hospital emergency departments and die at her parents'house-music playing,candles glowing,family by her side.Surveys show that over two-thirds of Britons would like to die at home.Like Dr Granger,they want to be with family and free of pain.Yet hospital remains the most common place of death.For some this is unavoidable-not every disease has as clear a tuming point as cancer-but for others a lack of planning is to blame.The government,motivated by both compassion and thrift,wants to help.In death,at least,public wishes align neatly with the state's desire to save money.The NHS has calculated that if roughly one more patient per general practitioner died outside hospital each year,it would save 180m($295m).In 2008 it introduced a broad end-of-life care strategy,which sought to increase awareness of how people die while improving care.Since then the proportion of people dying at home or in care homes(the split is about half-and-halfbetween them)has increased,from 38%t0 44%.To steer patients away from hospitals,general practitioners have been encouraged to find their l%-those patients likely to die in the next year-and start talking about end-of-life care.This can be difficult for doctors."As a profession we view death as failure,"says Dr Granger.Yet when there is no cure to be had,planning for death can be therapeutic for patients.Those who do plan ahead are much more likely to have their wishes met.A growing number of patients have electronic"palliative-care co-ordination systems",which allow doctors to register personal preferences so that other care providers can follow them.A paramedic called to a patient's home would know of a do-not-resuscitate order,for example.One study showed that such systems increase the number of people dying in their homes.But savings for the govemment may mean costs for charities and ordinary folk.At the end of life it is not always clear who should pay for what.Although Britons can get ordinary health care without paying out of pocket,social care is means-tested.People must ofien shell out for carers or care homes-or look after the terminally ill themselves.Disputes crop up over trivial things,like responsibility for the cost of a patient's bath.A bill now trundling through Parliament would cap the cost of an individual's social care.Still,some want it to be free for those on end-of-life registries.That would cut into the government's savings-but allow more people to die as they want. It is stated from the passage that who will meet their wishes to die?

　　A People who accept palliative-care co-ordination system.

　　B People who prefer getting care from hospital,

　　C People who accept the end oflife care.

　　D People who make plans ahead of time.

　　答案：D  

　　答案解析：事实细节题。根据定位词定位到文章的第四段，结尾处体现了题目的内容，即Yet when there is no cure to be had，planning for death can be therapeutic for patients.(然而，如果没有可以治愈的方法，为死亡做好计划也是对病人的一种治疗。)D项People who make plans ahead of time“提前做出计划的人”与此信息相匹配，故D项为正确选项。【干扰排除】A项在第五段的开头有体现，同时B项和C项也有体现，但是相对于正确选项D项来说，都不能体现题目中所说meet their wishes to die.故均排除。

　　3、Text 2 Death comes to all,but some are more sure of its timing,and can make plans.Kate Granger,a 32-year-old doctor suffering from an incurable form ofsarcoma,has"very strong ambitions"for her last hours.She plans to avoid hospital emergency departments and die at her parents'house-music playing,candles glowing,family by her side.Surveys show that over two-thirds of Britons would like to die at home.Like Dr Granger,they want to be with family and free of pain.Yet hospital remains the most common place of death.For some this is unavoidable-not every disease has as clear a tuming point as cancer-but for others a lack of planning is to blame.The government,motivated by both compassion and thrift,wants to help.In death,at least,public wishes align neatly with the state's desire to save money.The NHS has calculated that if roughly one more patient per general practitioner died outside hospital each year,it would save 180m($295m).In 2008 it introduced a broad end-of-life care strategy,which sought to increase awareness of how people die while improving care.Since then the proportion of people dying at home or in care homes(the split is about half-and-halfbetween them)has increased,from 38%t0 44%.To steer patients away from hospitals,general practitioners have been encouraged to find their l%-those patients likely to die in the next year-and start talking about end-of-life care.This can be difficult for doctors."As a profession we view death as failure,"says Dr Granger.Yet when there is no cure to be had,planning for death can be therapeutic for patients.Those who do plan ahead are much more likely to have their wishes met.A growing number of patients have electronic"palliative-care co-ordination systems",which allow doctors to register personal preferences so that other care providers can follow them.A paramedic called to a patient's home would know of a do-not-resuscitate order,for example.One study showed that such systems increase the number of people dying in their homes.But savings for the govemment may mean costs for charities and ordinary folk.At the end of life it is not always clear who should pay for what.Although Britons can get ordinary health care without paying out of pocket,social care is means-tested.People must ofien shell out for carers or care homes-or look after the terminally ill themselves.Disputes crop up over trivial things,like responsibility for the cost of a patient's bath.A bill now trundling through Parliament would cap the cost of an individual's social care.Still,some want it to be free for those on end-of-life registries.That would cut into the government's savings-but allow more people to die as they want.According to the text,people who die in the hospital will——.

　　A get more welfare than other choices

　　B be aware ofthe importance ofend ofcare approach

　　C cost more than die at home

　　D get an end of care life from the state

　　答案：C  

　　答案解析：事实细节胚。根据定位词定位到文章的第三段，第二句中体现了人们选择在医院离世的结论，即：The NHS has calculated that ifroughly one more patient per general practitioner died outside hospital each year,it would save 180m(S295m).[英国国民医疗服务体系(NHS)已经大致计算出，如果每年每个全科医师医治的病人在原来的基础上增加一名患者选择在医院外面离世，就会节省1.8亿英镑(约合2.95亿美元)。]故C项为正确选项。【干扰排除】A项中的福利概念在文章中没有体现;B项中的临终关怀在段落中有体现，但是选项中所说的aware of(意识到).这个概念在文章中没有指明;D项在段落的结尾处有体现，说法也一致，但是与在医院死亡的联系不大，属于拼凑的概念。

　　4、Text 2 Death comes to all,but some are more sure of its timing,and can make plans.Kate Granger,a 32-year-old doctor suffering from an incurable form ofsarcoma,has"very strong ambitions"for her last hours.She plans to avoid hospital emergency departments and die at her parents'house-music playing,candles glowing,family by her side.Surveys show that over two-thirds of Britons would like to die at home.Like Dr Granger,they want to be with family and free of pain.Yet hospital remains the most common place of death.For some this is unavoidable-not every disease has as clear a tuming point as cancer-but for others a lack of planning is to blame.The government,motivated by both compassion and thrift,wants to help.In death,at least,public wishes align neatly with the state's desire to save money.The NHS has calculated that if roughly one more patient per general practitioner died outside hospital each year,it would save 180m($295m).In 2008 it introduced a broad end-of-life care strategy,which sought to increase awareness of how people die while improving care.Since then the proportion of people dying at home or in care homes(the split is about half-and-halfbetween them)has increased,from 38%t0 44%.To steer patients away from hospitals,general practitioners have been encouraged to find their l%-those patients likely to die in the next year-and start talking about end-of-life care.This can be difficult for doctors."As a profession we view death as failure,"says Dr Granger.Yet when there is no cure to be had,planning for death can be therapeutic for patients.Those who do plan ahead are much more likely to have their wishes met.A growing number of patients have electronic"palliative-care co-ordination systems",which allow doctors to register personal preferences so that other care providers can follow them.A paramedic called to a patient's home would know of a do-not-resuscitate order,for example.One study showed that such systems increase the number of people dying in their homes.But savings for the govemment may mean costs for charities and ordinary folk.At the end of life it is not always clear who should pay for what.Although Britons can get ordinary health care without paying out of pocket,social care is means-tested.People must ofien shell out for carers or care homes-or look after the terminally ill themselves.Disputes crop up over trivial things,like responsibility for the cost of a patient's bath.A bill now trundling through Parliament would cap the cost of an individual's social care.Still,some want it to be free for those on end-of-life registries.That would cut into the government's savings-but allow more people to die as they want. It is suggested in Paragraph 2 that most Britons want to die_____

　　A in the hospital

　　B free ofpain

　　C at care home

　　D out of hospital

　　答案：D  

　　答案解析：事实细节题。根据定位词定位在文章的第二段前两句Surveys show that over two-thirds of Britons would like to die at home.Like Dr Granger,they want to be、vith family and free of pain(调查发现，三分之二以上的英国人都希望在家中离开这个世界。他们也像Granger医生一样希望有家人的陪伴，没有病痛的折磨。)可知，英国人并不希望在医院结束自己的生命，D项是文章的同义改写，故D项为正确选项。【干扰排除】A项in the hospital“在医院”、B项free ofpain“无痛苦”、C项at care home“在护理中心”都不能体现英国人希望告别人世的地点，因此应当排除。

　　5、Text 2 Death comes to all,but some are more sure of its timing,and can make plans.Kate Granger,a 32-year-old doctor suffering from an incurable form ofsarcoma,has"very strong ambitions"for her last hours.She plans to avoid hospital emergency departments and die at her parents'house-music playing,candles glowing,family by her side.Surveys show that over two-thirds of Britons would like to die at home.Like Dr Granger,they want to be with family and free of pain.Yet hospital remains the most common place of death.For some this is unavoidable-not every disease has as clear a tuming point as cancer-but for others a lack of planning is to blame.The government,motivated by both compassion and thrift,wants to help.In death,at least,public wishes align neatly with the state's desire to save money.The NHS has calculated that if roughly one more patient per general practitioner died outside hospital each year,it would save 180m($295m).In 2008 it introduced a broad end-of-life care strategy,which sought to increase awareness of how people die while improving care.Since then the proportion of people dying at home or in care homes(the split is about half-and-halfbetween them)has increased,from 38%t0 44%.To steer patients away from hospitals,general practitioners have been encouraged to find their l%-those patients likely to die in the next year-and start talking about end-of-life care.This can be difficult for doctors."As a profession we view death as failure,"says Dr Granger.Yet when there is no cure to be had,planning for death can be therapeutic for patients.Those who do plan ahead are much more likely to have their wishes met.A growing number of patients have electronic"palliative-care co-ordination systems",which allow doctors to register personal preferences so that other care providers can follow them.A paramedic called to a patient's home would know of a do-not-resuscitate order,for example.One study showed that such systems increase the number of people dying in their homes.But savings for the govemment may mean costs for charities and ordinary folk.At the end of life it is not always clear who should pay for what.Although Britons can get ordinary health care without paying out of pocket,social care is means-tested.People must ofien shell out for carers or care homes-or look after the terminally ill themselves.Disputes crop up over trivial things,like responsibility for the cost of a patient's bath.A bill now trundling through Parliament would cap the cost of an individual's social care.Still,some want it to be free for those on end-of-life registries.That would cut into the government's savings-but allow more people to die as they want. The word"trundling"(Para.7)is closest in meaning to——.

　　A covering

　　B working

　　C overwhelming

　　D identifying

　　答案：A  

　　答案解析：词汇理解题。解决此题目的关键是通读段落后，仔细分析上下句，找到同性词。通过上下信息很难体现该单词的含义，因此另一种方式为将四个选项分别与文中的单词替换，看哪一个意思通顺，A项covering“涵盏”，与througb搭配可以理解为“一个法案涵盖了……”意思较为通顺，故A项为正确选项。【干扰排除】B项中的working与through搭配表示消除，与上下文的含义不相符;c项表示占有主导地位，不能与through连用;D项表示识别，与上下文的逻辑不相符。故均排除。

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