2019年考研英语预习试题(2)_第4页

　　Part B

　　Directions:

　　Read the following text and answer the questions by choosing the most suitable subheading from the list A-G for each of the numbered paragraphs(41-45). There are two extra subheadings. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.

　　[A] Create a new image of yourself

　　[B] Decide if the time is right

　　[C] Have confidence in yourself

　　[D] Understand the context

　　[E] Work with professionals

　　[F] Know your goals

　　[G] Make it efficient

　　No matter how formal or informal the work environment, the way you present yourself has an impact. This is especially true in fast impressions. According to research from Princeton University, people assess your competence, trustworthiness, and likeability in just a tenth of a second, solely based on the way you look.

　　The difference between today’s workplace and the “dress for success” era is that the range of options is so much broader. Norms have evolved and fragmented. In some settings, red sneakers or dress T-shirts can convey status; in others not so much. Plus, whatever image we present is magnified by social-media services like LinkedIn. Chances are, your headshots are seen much more often now than a decade or two ago. Millennials, it seems , face the paradox of being the least formal generation yet the most conscious of style and personal branding. It can be confusing.

　　So how do we navigate this? How do we know when to invest in an upgrade? And what’s the best way to pull off one that enhances our goals? Here are some tips:

　　41_________________

　　As an executive coach, I’ve seen image upgrades be particularly helpful during transitions-when looking for a new job, stepping into a new or more public role, or changing work environments. If you’re in a period of change or just feeling stuck and in a rut, now may be a good time. If you’re not sure, ask for honest feedback from trusted friends, colleagues and professionals. Look for cues about how others perceive you. Maybe there’s no need for an upgrade and that’s OK.

　　【答案】[B]

　　【解析】此段第一句话主句里面说“在过渡的阶段提升自我形象尤其有用”。第二句和第三、四句分别展开说明，第二句表明：如果你处在变动的时期或者感觉需要变动，那么可能这可能是一个好的时机。相反，第三、四句话表示：如果不确定的话，就需要得到别人的反馈了，也许无需提升。故整段的意思是说要先确定是否现在是提升自我形象的正确时机。故答案为[B]项。

　　42.__________________

　　Get clear on what impact you’re hoping to have. Are you looking to refresh your image or pivot it? For one person, the goal may be to be taken more seriously and enhance their professional image. For another, it may be to be perceived as more approachable, or more modern and stylish. For someone moving from finance to advertising, maybe they want to look more “SoHo.”(It’s OK to use characterizations like that.)

　　【答案】[F]

　　【解析】此段中心句即第一句话，表明“要清楚你想要的结果或影响”。其实就是你想要的目标。紧接着开始解释，提到比如，你是否想要更新你的形象?那么，对于一个人来讲，这个目标可能是要变得严肃些或者要加强专业的形象。对于其他人，这个目标可能是要变得更平易近人，或者是更现代化、更时尚。对于那些要从金融转到广告的，他们可能得看起来更“SOHO”。可见整段都在讲目标，[F]项中的“goal”与之对应，故为答案。

　　43.____________________

　　Look at your work environment like an anthropologist. What are the norms of your environment? What conveys status? Who are your most important audiences? How do the people you respect and look up to present themselves? The better you understand te cultural context, the more control you can have over your impact.

　　【答案】[D]

　　【解析】本段主要阐述的内容是要观察你的工作环境，认清环境中的标准，并且最后一句说你对周围的文化环境理解得越清晰，你越能控制你的影响。可知本段主要就是说要理解周围的环境，故选[D]项。

　　44._____________________

　　Enlist the support of professionals and share with them your goals and context. Hire a personal stylist, or use the free styling service of a store like. Crew. Try a hair stylist instead of a barber. Work with a professional photographer instead of your spouse or friend. It’s not as expensive as you might think.

　　【答案】[E]

　　【解析】本段第一句提到：要获得专家的支持，和他们分享你的目标和周围环境，后面又提到可以雇佣造型师、摄影师等等，可见本段主要讲的就是征询专家的意见、和专家合作，故选[E]项。

　　45_____________________

　　The point of a style upgrade isn’t to become more vain or to spend more time excessing over what to wear. Instead, use it as an opportunity to reduce decision fatigue. Pick a standard work uniform or a few go-to options. Buy all your clothes …. once with a stylist instead of shopping alone, one article of clothing at a time.

　　【答案】[G]

　　【解析】此段第二句句首出现instead，这种转折连词后面往往是作者要表述的重要内容。该句讲的是“最好是将形象升级当作是减少决定疲劳的机会”，即减少做决定，紧接着提到“选取一套标准的工作服或几个其他的选择。和造型师一起把衣服一下子都买了，而不是一个人购买，或者一次只买一件”。这些提到的都是要有效率。故选[G]项。

　　Part C

　　Directions:

　　Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese .You translation should be written neatly on the ANSWER SHEKT. (10 points)

　　Mental health is our birthright. (46) We don’t have to learn how to be mentally healthy ;it it built into us that our bodies know how to heal a cut or mend a broken bone. Mental health can’t be learned, only reawakened. It is like the immune system of the body, which under stress or through lack of nutrition or exercise can be weakened, but which never leaves us. When we don't understand the value of mental health and we don't know how to gain access to it, mental health will remain hidden from us. (47) Our mental health doesn’t really go anywhere; like the sun behind a cloud, it can be temporarily hidden from view, but it is fully capable of being restored in an instant.

　　Mental health is the seed that contains self-esteem - confidence in ourselves and an ability to trust in our common sense. It allows us to have perspective on our lives - the ability to not take ourselves too seriously, to laugh at ourselves, to see the bigger picture, and to see that things will work out. It’s a form of innate or unlearned optimism. (48) Mental health allows us to view others with sympathy if they are having troubles ,with kindness if they are in pain,and with unconditional love no matter who they are. Mental health is the source of creativity for soving problems, resolving conflict, making our surroundings more beautiful,managing our home life, or coming up with a creative business idea or invention to make our lives easier. It gives us patience for ourselves and toward others as well as patience while driving,catching a fish,working on our car,or raising a child. It allows us to see the beauty that surrounds us each moment in nature,in culture,in the flow of our daily lives.

　　(49) Although mental health is the cure-all for living our lives,it is perfectly ordinary as you will see that it has been there to direct you through all your difficult decisions.It has been available even in the most mundane of life situations to show you right from wrong,good from bad,friend from foe.Mental health has commonly been called conscience,instinct,wisdom,common sense,or the inner voice.We think of it simply as a healthy and helpful flow of intelligent thought .(50) As you will come to see ,knowing that mental heath is always available and knowing to trust it allow us to slow down to the moment and live life happily.

　　46. We don’t have to learn how to be mentally healthy; it is built into us in the same way that our bodies know how to heal a cut or mend a broken bone.

　　【句子结构】此句中分号连接了两个并列句。第一个句子中how to be mentally healthy作learn的宾语。第二个句子主干是it is built into us，in the same way引导状语从句说明built into us的方式，that引导定语从句修饰way，其中定语从句中how to heal a cut or mend a broken bone作know的宾语。

　　【参考译文】我们无需刻意去学习怎样才能让心理健康;它正如我们的身体知道怎样愈合伤口和修复骨折一样，是根植于我们体内的/是我们与生俱来的能力。

　　47. Our mental health doesn’t really go anywhere; like the sun behind a cloud, it can be temporarily hidden from view, but it is fully capable of being restored in an instant.

　　【句子结构】此句中分号连接了两个并列句。第一个句子是简单句，第二个句子中，like the sun behind a cloud是状语，but连接两个转折关系的并列分句，在翻译时要注意be hidden from和be capable of的被动语态的翻译方法。

　　【参考译文】我们的心理健康并不是真的消失不见;就像云朵背后的太阳，它也许暂时被遮挡，但是它也可以在瞬间重焕光芒。

　　48. Mental health allows us to view others with sympathy if they are having troubles, with kindness if they are in pain, and with unconditional love no matter who they are.

　　【句子结构】该句主干是Mental health allows us to view others，三个并列with引导的介词短语做状语，前两个with引导的状语中各包含一个if引导的条件状语从句，最后一个with状语中包含一个no matter引导的让步状语从句。

　　【参考译文】心理健康使我们在他人遇到麻烦时给予同情，在他人痛苦时心存善意，而且无论对方是谁都会给予无条件的关爱。

　　49. Although mental health is the cure-all for living our lives, it is perfectly ordinary as you will see that it has been there to direct you through all your difficult decisions.

　　【句子结构】本题有一个由although引导的让步状语从句，as引导的原因状语从句，以及that引导的宾语从句构成。此处“mental health”若是翻译成心理健康与下文连接，则不符合中文表达习惯，又因mental本身与智力相关，所以将其翻译成“健康的心智”;此外“perfectly ordinary”可以正译，译为“非常普遍”，本译文采取正话反说的方式，译为“并不稀奇”。“difficult decisions”若翻译为“困难的决定”，不符合中文的表达方式，所以将decision，名词译为动词“做决定”。

　　【参考译文】尽管拥有健康的心智是我们生活中的万能药，但它并不稀奇，你会发现在你难以做决定时，它一直在指引着你。

　　50. As you will come to see, knowing that mental health is always available and knowing to trust it allow us to slow down to the moment and live life happily.

　　【句子结构】该句由as引导的定语从句，that引导的宾语从句组成，并且考察代词“it”。“see”在该句中是“了解”而不是“看到”的意思，前后的knowing可合并翻译;“available”本意“可得到的”，该句中意译为“一直存在的”。

　　【参考译文】你会慢慢理解到，明白健康的心智会一直存在，并且坚信这一点，那么此刻我们就可以放慢生活节奏，快乐地生活。