C
What do astronauts eat in space, and why? How did astronaut food come into being? How do astronauts preserve food for long periods of time in space? NASA(the National Aeronautics and Space Administration)(美国国家航空航天局)has been researching food for space travel since the 1960’s to find the best way of keeping astronauts from going hungry.
The research could date from an accident that took place on the first manned Gemini mission in 1965. astronaut John Young managed to sneak(偷偷地拿)a corned beef sandwich onto the Geminni Ⅲ capsule to eat during its orbit around Earth. To Young’s surprise, the sandwich plan did not go as expected; instead the sandwich began to break apart and scatter(散开)through the Geminni Ⅲcapsule. This could have resulted in disaster, since a small piece of food could have stuck in the air vents(通风孔)and other equipment. The sandwich was stuffed into a pocket to avoid the further mess inside the small space capsule This incident caused NASA to enforce strict rules on what types of food can be taken into space.
Space food has come a long way since then. During the Gemini period, the astronauts mostly ate cubed, compressed foods(压缩食品)high in calories and lightweight.
NASA expects a long shelf life for space food. The majority of food taken into space has been dried out or heat-treated. These process and use of sodium(钠), make the food taken into space last longer. Research is ongoing into space food to seek out healthier ways to preserve it. Too much sodium is unhealthy, and can badly change the taste of some foods.
What happened to John Young in the Geminni Ⅲ capsule?
A. His sandwich went bad as expected
B. He couldn’t eat the sandwich he had bought
C. His sandwich caused trouble to some equipment
D. He filled his pocket with the sandwich.
40. Why has NASA set up strict rules on the space since the 1960’s?
A. To protect the astronauts’ safety
B. To provide enough food for astronauts
C. To limit how much junk food astronauts eat
D. To make it easy for astronauts to get enough nutrition
41. The majority of the space food is dried out or heat-treated in order to _________.
A. keep astronauts healthy B. keep it from breaking apart
C. change its taste D. make it last longer
42. What is the text mainly about?
A. How to make space food B. The history of space food
C. A food incident in the Gemini capsule D. The process of making space food
D
If you know the following fact, you’ll understand why many people suffer from foot problems. The average person walks the equivalent of three times around the Earth in a lifetime. That is enormous wear and tear on the 26 bones, 33 joints and more than 100 muscles that make up the foot.
In a recent survey for the American Podiatric Medical Association, 53 percent of respondents reported foot pain so severe that it affected their daily function. On average, people develop pain in their 60s, but it can start as early as the 20s and 30s. And usually women give care to their feet while men don’t.
“A lot of people think foot pain is part of the aging process and accept it, and walk with pain,” said Dr Andrew Shapiro. Though some foot problems are inevitable, their progress can be slowed.
The following questions will help you assess whether you should take more preventive action as you age. Do you have flat feet or high arches(足弓)? Either puts feet at risk. Shoes that support the arch and heel can help flat feet. People with high arches should look for roomy shoes and softer padding(衬垫) to absorb the shock. Proper exercises also strengthen muscles, supporting the foot.
Do your shoes fit? In the survey, more than 34 percent of men said they could not remember the last time their feet were measured. 20 percent of women said that once a week they wore shoes that hurt, and 8 percent wore painful shoes daily. Feet flatten and lengthen with age, so if you still stick to the shoe size you wore at the age of 21, get your feet measured.
Do you walk? Putting more mileage(里程) on your feet is the best way to exercise the muscles and keep them healthy.
. The underlined phrase “wear and tear” in Paragraph 1 probably means _____.
A. a surprising experience B. an unimaginable distance
C. damage due to continuous use D. a contribution to the feet
44. What do we know from the passage?
A. The number of men and women who have foot problems is similar.
B. Walking as little as possible can protect your feet from pain.
C. More than half of the respondents have serious foot problems.
D. 53% of people develop foot pain in their 60s.
45. Which of the following statements best explains foot pain?
A. Not all of it can be avoided. B. People can’t slow its process.
C. Walking more will stop foot pain. D. Preventive actions can’t work well.
46. If your feet are 26 cm long at 23, what is the probable length of your feet when you are 43?
A. 26.2 cm B. 25.2 cm C. 26 cm D. 25 cm
