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2016届山东高考英语强化练习题:阅读理解1_第2页

中华考试网  2015-12-11  【

  (2015·四川·E)

  No one is sure how the ancient Egyptians built the pyramids near Cairo.But a new study suggests they used a little rock‘n’roll.Long­ago builders could have attached wooden poles to the stones and rolled them across the sand, the scientists say.

  “Technically, I think what they're proposing is possible,” physicist Daniel Bonn said.

  People have long puzzled over how the Egyptians moved such huge rocks.And there's no obvious answer.On average, each of the two million big stones weighed about as much as a large pickup truck.The Egyptians somehow moved the stone blocks to the pyramid site from about one kilometer away.

  The most popular view is that Egyptian workers slid the blocks along smooth paths.Many scientists suspect workers first would have put the blocks on sleds(滑板).Then they would have dragged them along paths.To make the work easier, workers may have lubricated_the_paths either with wet clay or with the fat from cattle.Bonn has now tested this idea by building small sleds and dragging heavy objects over sand.

  Evidence from the sand supports this idea.Researchers found small amounts of fat, as well as a large amount of stone and the remains of paths.

  However, physicist Joseph West thinks there might have been a simpler way,who led the new study.West said,“I was inspired while watching a television program showing how sleds might have helped with pyramid construction.I thought,‘Why don't they just try rolling the things? ’” A square could be turned into a rough sort of wheel by attaching wooden poles to its sides, he realized.That, he notes, should make a block of stone “a lot easier to roll than a square”.

  So he tried it.

  He and his students tied some poles to each of four sides of a 30­kilogram stone block.That action turned the block into somewhat a wheel.Then they placed the block on the ground.

  They wrapped one end of a rope around the block and pulled.The researchers found they could easily roll the block along different kinds of paths.They calculated that rolling the block required about as much force as moving it along a slippery(滑的)path.

  West hasn't tested his idea on larger blocks,but he thinks rolling has clear advantages over sliding.At least,workers wouldn't have needed to carry cattle fat or water to smooth the paths.

  文章大意:本文讲述的是对金字塔石块运输方式的研究。大多数研究人员认为古埃及人可能是把石块放在滑板上滑至目的地。现在还有人认为古埃及人还有可能是在巨石四周捆绑木棒,然后将石块滚至目的地。

  8.It's widely believed that the stone blocks were moved to the pyramid site by ________.

  A.rolling them on roads

  B.pushing them over the sand

  C.sliding them on smooth paths

  D.dragging them on some poles

  答案:C 细节理解题。根据第四段中的The most popular view is that Egyptian workers slid the blocks along smooth paths.可知选C项。

  9.The underlined part “lubricated the paths” in Paragraph 4 means________.

  A.made the paths wet B.made the paths hard

  C.made the paths wide D.made the paths slippery

  答案:D 词义猜测题。该段首句说了要在光滑的道路上操作,画线词后提到的湿沙和牛油都有润滑作用,故选D项(使道路光滑)。

  10.What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 7 refer to?

  A.Rolling the blocks with poles attached.

  B.Rolling the blocks on wooden wheels.

  C.Rolling poles to move the blocks.

  D.Rolling the blocks with fat.

  答案:A 词义猜测题。上段提出了一种新的想法,这里是说这个物理学家尝试了这个想法。根据下文的He and his students tied some poles to each of four sides of a 30­kilogram stone block.可知画线词it指的是滚动附加了木棒的石块,故选A项。

  11.Why is rolling better than sliding according to West?

  A.Because more force is needed for sliding.

  B.Because rolling work can be done by fewer cattle.

  C.Because sliding on smooth roads is more dangerous.

  D.Because less preparation on paths is needed for rolling.

  答案:D 细节理解题。根据文章最后一句At least,workers wouldn't have needed to carry cattle fat or water to smooth the paths.可知利用木棒将巨石滚至目的地的方法可以省去工人们的准备工作。故选D项。

  12.What is the text mainly about?

  A.An experiment on ways of moving blocks to the pyramid site.

  B.An application of the method of moving blocks to the pyramid site.

  C.An argument about different methods of moving blocks to the pyramid site.

  D.An introduction to a possible new way of moving blocks to the pyramid site.

  答案:D 主旨大意题。根据文章第一段可知文章提出了一种新的可能搬运金字塔石块方法。故选D项。

  (四)由文章内容,挖掘主旨

  (2015·重庆·A)

  At thirteen,I was diagnosed (诊断) with a kind of attention disorder.It made school difficult for me.When everyone else in the class was focusing on tasks,I could not.

  In my first literature class,Mrs.Smith asked us to read a story and then write on it,all within 45 minutes.I raised my hand right away and said,“Mrs.Smith,you see,the doctor said I have attention problems.I might not be able to do it.”

  She glanced down at me through her glasses,“You are no different from your classmates,young man.”

  I tried,but I didn't finish the reading when the bell rang.I had to take it home.

  In the quietness of my bedroom,the story suddenly all became clear to me.It was about a blind person,Louis Braille.He lived in a time when the blind couldn't get much education.But Louis didn't give up.Instead,he invented a reading system of raised dots (点),which opened up a whole new world of knowledge to the blind.

  Wasn't I the “blind” in my class,being made to learn like the “sighted”students?My thoughts spilled out and my pen started to dance.I completed the task within 40 minutes.Indeed,I was no different from others;I just needed a quieter place.If Louis could find his way out of his problems,why should I ever give up?

  I didn't expect anything when I handed in my paper to Mrs.Smith,so it was quite a surprise when it came back to me the next day—with an “A” on it.At the bottom of the paper were these words:“See what you can do when you keep trying?”

  文章大意:本文讲述了作者上学时的个人经历。作者有注意力不集中的问题,但在老师的鼓励下,受到盲人故事的激励,作者最终克服了自己的问题。由此告诉我们一个人可以通过努力克服自己的缺陷。

  13.The author didn't finish the reading in class because ______.

  A.he was new to the class

  B.he was tired of literature

  C.he had an attention disorder

  D.he wanted to take the task home

  答案:C 细节理解题。此题为直接信息题,带着题干回到原文搜寻信息,定位第一段At thirteen,I was diagnosed (诊断) with a kind of attention disorder.It made school difficult for me.When everyone else in the class was focusing on tasks,I could not.可知作者不能完成老师布置的任务是因为患有一种注意力障碍症。C项中had an attention disorder与文中信息一致,故选C项。

  14.What do we know about Louis Braille from the passage?

  A.He had good sight.

  B.He made a great invention.

  C.He gave up reading.

  D.He learned a lot from school.

  答案:B 细节理解题。根据文章第五段最后两句But Louis didn't give up.Instead,he invented a reading system of raised dots, which opened up a whole new world of knowledge to the blind.可知他发明了一个阅读系统,给盲人打开了一个全新的知识的世界。故选B项。

  15.What was Mrs.Smith's attitude to the author at the end of the story?

  A.Angry. B.Impatient.

  C.Sympathetic. D.Encouraging.

  答案:D 推理判断题。此题考查对观点态度的推理。史密斯老师给作者打了“A”,并且写了批语。See what you can do when you keep trying?形式上为问句,实则是对作者鼓励的话语,她是在鼓励作者只要不懈努力就一定能战胜困难取得成功。因此选择D项。

  16.What is the main idea of the passage?

  A.The disabled should be treated with respect.

  B.A teacher can open up a new world to students.

  C.One can find his way out of difficulties with efforts.

  D.Everyone needs a hand when faced with challenges.

  答案:C 主旨大意题。本文主要讲述作者是一个有注意力障碍症的学生,在老师的激励下,克服困难的故事。说明只要不懈努力就一定能战胜困难取得成功。文章强调的是不懈努力的重要性而不是对残疾人的尊重、老师对学生的作用或困难中的帮助,故选C项。

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