在空格处填入适当的词(1个单词)或所给词的正确形式
1.I wouldn’t advise you to go against the (direct).
2. (Egyptian) has one of the longest histories of any modern country.
3.How long may I (keeper) this book?
4.He held out a (hand) of sweets，then put them into her bag.
5.His father is the (library) of our school library.
6.The car is not bad appearance.
7.He told us whether having a picnic was still discussion.
8. his parents’ satisfaction，he was admitted to a key university.
9.If we are lucky enough to be the majority，it is going to be real different.
10.He was putting up the box all his strength.
Ⅰ . 阅读理解
A
How does a sunset work?We love to look at one，but Jolanda Blackwell wanted her eighthgraders to really think about it and question.
So Blackwell had her students watch a video of a sunset as part of a physics lesson on motion.“I asked them：‘So what’s moving?And why?’” Blackwell says.Some thought the sun was moving;others knew that a sunset is the result of the Earth spinning around on its axis.“Usually，my biggest challenge is trying to keep them patient，” she says.“They just have so many burning questions.”
“Every day，we meet new information，” says Charan Ranganath，a psychologist.Ranganath was curious to know why we keep some information and forget other things.So he got 19 volunteers and asked them to review more than 100 questions.When the participants’ curiosity was aroused，the parts of their brains that regulate pleasure and reward lit up.Curious minds also showed increased activity in the brain，which is involved in the creation of memories.
“Curious brains are better at learning not only about the subject at hand but also dull information.This is a phenomenon teachers can use in the classroom.”says Evie Malaia，a professor.“Say a kid wants to be an astronaut，” she says.“Well，how do you link that goal with learning multiplication tables(乘法表)?” “A teacher may choose to ask her class an interesting problem that involves space exploration，”Malaia says.Students may remember the answer to the problem，but they’ll also remember how they found the answer through multiplication.
What Ranganath wants to know most is why some people seem naturally more curious than others.Lots of factors，including stress，aging and certain drugs can affect dopamine(多巴胺) processing in the brain.“If we could figure these things out，we could help those who may just seem bored，” Ranganath says.
Blackwell says she doesn’t have to deal with that problem too often.She says her students love exploring the mysterious unknowns in science：What happens when a car crashes?How do rainbows work?
“I tell my kids there’s no dumb questions，” Blackwell says.“That’s science：asking questions and seeking answers.”
1.What challenge did Blackwell have in class?
A.The students were often burnt by accident.
B.The students were asking too many questions.
C.The students couldn’t concentrate in her class.
D.The students couldn’t answer questions gently.
2.If we are curious，we .
A.will desire to be rewarded
B.may forget undesirable things more easily
C.may memorize something better
D.will have more energy to do outdoor activities
3.Malaia gave the example of a kid in Paragraph 4 to prove .
A.multiplication tables are difficult to learn
B.math is the basis knowledge for space exploration
C.becoming an astronaut is a dream of many kids
D.curiosity also helps us learn boring things
4.What do the underlined words “that problem” refer to?
A.Students get bored with learning.
B.Students ask too many foolish questions.
C.Students want to explore the mysteries of science.
D.Students take drugs to produce dopamine.
B
A poor set of curtains may not just mean you wake up too early—they could also make you fat.Sleeping in a room with too much light has been linked to an increased risk of piling on the pounds，a study shows.
Greater exposure to light at night raised both body mass index and waist size in more than 113,000 women taking part in the British study.The study followed the women for 40 years to identify root causes of breast cancer.Obesity is a known risk factor for the disease.
“The associations we saw in our study between light exposure at night and obesity are very interesting.We cannot yet tell at this stage what the reason for the associations is，but the results open up an interesting direction for research，”said Prof.Anthony Swerdlow，from the Institute of Cancer Research.“One possible explanation is that the light is interrupting the body clock，which stems from our evolutionary past(进化历程).We were active when it was light in the day and restful when it was dark at night.”
Other research has found the effect of nighttime lighting on the body may contribute to unhappy feelings.But it’s too early to suggest that sleeping in the dark will help prevent obesity，a known risk factor for breast cancer.The findings are reported in the American Journal of Epidemiology.
Previous research has drawn similar conclusions.A team at Ohio State University examined how nighttime light affects weight，body fat and glucose intolerance(葡萄糖过敏) in mice.They found that continuing exposure to even a little nighttime light caused increases in all three aspects.
Light changes mood，physical strength and even the way we process food in a 24hour cycle.Artificial light is known to interrupt the body clock by delaying the production of the sleep hormone melatonin(睡眠荷尔蒙褪黑激素).So there is no harm in trying to make bedrooms darker.
