So long as teachers fail to distinguish between teaching and learning, they will continue to undertake to do for children which only children can do for themselves. Teaching children to read is not passing reading ability on to them. It is certainly not endless hours spent in activities about reading. Douglas insists that reading cannot be taught directly and schools should stop trying to do the impossible.
Teaching and learning are two entirely different processes. They differ in kind and function. The function of teaching is to create the conditions and the climate that will make it possible for children to devise the most efficient system for teaching themselves to read. Teaching is also a public activity. It can be seen and observed.
Learning to read involves all that each individual does to make sense of the world of printed language. Almost all of it is private, for learning is an occupation of the mind, and that process is not open to public scrutiny.
If teacher and learner roles are not interchangeable, what then can be done through teaching that will aid the child in the quest(探索) for knowledge? Smith has one principal rule for all teaching instructions. “Make learning to read easy, which means making reading a meaningful, enjoyable and frequent experience to children.”
When the roles of teacher and learner are seen for what they are, and when both teacher and learner fulfil them appropriately, then much of the pressure and feeling of failure for both is eliminated. Learning to read is made easier when teachers create an environment where children are given the opportunity to solve the problem of learning to read by reading.
21.The problem with the reading course as mentioned in the first paragraph is that ________.
A.it is one of the most difficult school courses
B.students spend endless hours in reading
C.reading tasks are assigned with little guidance
D.too much time is spent in teaching about reading
22.The teaching of reading will be successful if ______.
A.teachers can improve conditions at school for the students
B.teachers can enable students to develop their own ways of reading
C.teachers can devise the most efficient system for reading
D.teachers can make their teaching activities observable
23.The underlined word “scrutiny” in Paragraph 3 most probably means “________”.[来源:学.科.网Z.X.X.K]
A.inquiry B.observation
C.control D.suspicion
24.According to the passage, learning to read will no longer be a difficult task when ________.
A.children become highly motivated
B.teacher and learner roles are interchangeable
C.teaching helps children in the search for knowledge
D.reading enriches children's experience
25.The main idea of the passage is that ________.
A.teachers should do as little as possible in helping students learn to read
B.teachers should encourage students to read as widely as possible
C.reading ability is something acquired rather than taught
D.reading is more complicated than generally believed
【文章大意】 本文主要谈论教育问题。现行的教学中，大量的时间被用于教学生如何阅读。然而，阅读能力并不是通过老师讲授给学生的，而是学生自己通过努力得到的。
21.D 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“It is certainly not endless hours spent in activities about reading.”可知，太多的时间被用于教学生如何阅读，故选D。
22.B 细节理解题。根据最后一段“Learning to read is made easier when teachers create an environment where children are given the opportunity to solve the problem of learning to read by reading.”可知，教师只是起到一个创造情境的作用，如何学会阅读，需要学生自己探索适合自己的方法，故选B。
23.B 词义猜测题。根据第二和第三段中的“Teaching is also a public activity. It can be seen and observed. Almost all of it is private, for learning is an occupation of the mind, and that process is not open to public scrutiny.”可知，教学是一个公开的活动，而学习则属于私人活动，它在一个人的内心进行，学习的过程不是公开的，因此不能被观察，故选B。
24.A 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“When the roles of teacher and learner are seen for what they are, and when both teacher and learner fulfil them appropriately, then much of the pressure and feeling of failure for both is eliminated.”可知，教师应该创造情境来激发学生的动力，这样做的话，学生会很容易掌握阅读技巧，故选A。
25.C 主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“…they will continue to undertake to do for children which only children can do for themselves…reading cannot be taught directly…”和最后一段中的“Learning to read is made easier when teachers create an environment where children are given the opportunity to solve the problem of learning to read by reading.”可知，阅读能力不是教会的，而是学生自己通过努力习得的，故选C。
