(2015·青岛市二模)
Scientists investigated why Ebola virus is so deadly when it spreads from animals to humans and then from humantohuman contact. The research team looked at the Zaire Ebola virus in an animal system to understand how it gains strength. This virus is responsible for the current outbreak in West Africa. They found that initially the animal systems were not affected by the virus, but succeeding transmission(传送) into other animals caused the virus to “hot up” and become more severe.
The team analyzed the viruses at different stages and were able to identify several changes in its genetic material that were associated with increased disease.
Professor Julian Hiscox, who led the study from the University's Institute of Infection and Global Health, explains: “The work tells us that the evolutionary goal of Ebola virus is to become more fatal.”
“We were able to show through genetic analysis which parts of the virus are involved in this process. The information we have gathered will now allow us to monitor for such changes in an outbreak as well as develop future treatment strategies.”
Professor Roger Hewson, leading the study from Public Health England, Porton Down, said: “Ebola virus is such a destructive infection to the people affected by the disease and the economy of West Africa.”
“Our understanding of Ebola virus biology is way behind that of other viruses and our cooperation shows how we can bring together our specialists' skills to close this knowledge gap.”
Professor Miles Carroll, a coauthor of the work, said: “This study has allowed the team to be at the forefront of developing methodologies to analyze patient samples recently taken by the European Mobile Laboratory from West Africa to understand disease evolution during the current outbreak.”
文章大意：本文是医疗科研报告。文章主要讲述了关于埃博拉病毒的研究进展情况，该病毒与什么有关系，该如何控制该病的疫情。
1.What does the first paragraph mainly tell us?
A.How severe Ebola virus is.
B.How Ebola virus spreads.
C.How Ebola virus gradually becomes deadly.
D.What contributions scientists have made on Ebola virus.
答案：C 主旨大意题。A项严重的埃博拉病毒是怎么样的;B项埃博拉病毒是如何传播的;C项埃博拉病毒是如何变得致命的;D项科学家们为埃博拉病毒做出了什么样的贡献。根据题干关键词the first paragraph。通读第一段，并根据第一句话Scientists investigated why Ebola virus is so deadly when it spreads from animals to humans and then from humantohuman contact可知该段的大意是埃博拉病毒是如何逐渐变得致命的。故选C。
.Which of the following statements is mentioned in the passage?
A.In the first stage, the virus hurts its victims much.
B.As the virus spreads, it'll change and become more and more deadly.
C.The research in Ebola virus is more advanced than that in other viruses.
D.The scientists have a negative attitude to the research in Ebola virus.
答案：B 推理判断题。根据文章第一段的They found that initially the animal systems were not affected by the virus, but succeeding transmission(传送) into other animals caused the virus to “hot up” and become more severe中的关键词initially可知A是错误的;根据文章的倒数第二段“Our understanding of Ebola virus biology is way behind that of other viruses and our cooperation shows how we can bring together our specialists' skills to close this knowledge gap.”排除C;根据文章最后三段可排除D;根据文章第一段的最后一句话的后半句succeeding transmission(传送) into other animals caused the virus to “hot up” and become more severe可知选B。
.The underlined word “fatal” has the closest meaning to ________.
A.optimistic B.deadly
C.common D.fantastic
答案：B 词义猜测题。optimistic乐观的;deadly致命的;common常见的;fantastic奇异的。根据文章第四段的The information we have gathered will now allow us to monitor for such changes in an outbreak as well as develop future treatment strategies和该段的the evolutionary goal of Ebola virus可知埃博拉病毒变得更加致命。由此推断fatal是致命的。故选B。
.Where can we probably read this passage?
A.In a science report. B.In a storybook.
C.In an advertisement. D.In a textbook.
答案：A 细节理解题。In a science report在科技报告上;In a storybook在故事书中;In an advertisement在一个广告中;In a textbook在课本中。通读全文，并根据文章介绍埃博拉病毒的研究进程判断选A。
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、D)中，选出最佳选项。Regardless of the fact that getting dressed in baseball caps and T-shirts are classic American style choices; the preppy(学院风格) look is what sophisticated(高雅时髦的) British youths wear. But when it comes to the best-dressed nation, neither the US nor the UK tops CNN’s list. So which country has the best fashion sense? Take a look.
Italy
Italy is a country which lays a strong emphasis on outward appearance. Elegance is in Italian blood and most Italians would give up comfort in order to look graceful. They dress well even for simple trips to the grocery store.
Both males and females have a good understanding of style, dressing themselves up with well-groomed(讲究的) hair and a smart pair of shoes. It is no wonder that so many of the best fashion designers are Italian!
Sweden
Retail(零售) giant H & M continues to spread affordable Swedish style around the world. What has been called the “Swedish fashion miracle” actually comes from the “less is more” philosophy. The Swedes tend to adopt a practical approach to what they wear, but they don’t lack creativity.
France
The French have a chic(别致的) air about them. They appear casual and elegant without being over-dressed or under-dressed, and always seem to give off confidence in their style choices. “The laissez-faire(自由放任的) approach to fashion is something many people love — and the looks they wear are something we all want to emulate on a daily basis,” said The Huffington Post.
1. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the text?
A. Getting dressed sophisticatedly is American style.
B. Wearing T-shirts is British style.
C. British young people like the preppy style.
D. The UK is the best-dressed country in the world.
2. What can we learn from Swedish dressing style?
A. It is practical and creative. B. It is unaffordable.
C. It lacks confidence. D. It lacks creativity.
3. What’s the meaning of the underlined word “emulate” in the last paragraph?
A. Imitate. B. Thrill. C. Like. D. Hate.
参考答案、CAA
