2019年高考英语基础练习及答案（12）
1.(2015·江苏卷)________Li Bai，a great Chinese poet，was born is known to the public，but some won't accept it.
解析：句意：李白是中国一位伟大的诗人，他的出生地是众所周知的，但有些人不愿接受这一事实。分析句子结构可知，a great Chinese poet做Li Bai的同位语，is前面是主语从句，where在主语从句中作地点状语。
答案：Where
2.(2015·浙江卷)If you swim in a river or lake，be sure to investigate________is below the water surface.Often there are rocks or branched hidden in the water.
解析：句意：如果你在河里或湖里游泳，一定要调查水下有什么东西。(因为)经常会有些岩石或树枝暗藏在水里。动词investigate后的宾语从句中缺少主语，故填what。
答案：what
3.(2015·重庆卷)We must find out________Karl is coming，so we can book a room for him.
解析：句意：我们必须弄明白卡尔什么时候来，为的是我们能给他预定房间。find out 后面跟着宾语从句，根据句意填when。
答案：when
4.(2015·安徽卷)A ship in harbor is safe，but that's not________ ships are built for.
解析：句意：船停放在海港里是很安全的，但这并非建造船的目的。isn't后跟从句作表语，表语从句中的for后缺少宾语，用what引导，what与for连用，表示目的。
答案：what
5.(2015·福建卷)—I wonder ________ Mary has kept her figure after all these years.
—By working out every day.
解析：句意：——我好奇玛丽在这些年是怎么保持着身材的。——通过每天锻炼。句中I是主语，wonder是谓语，how引导的宾语从句在整个句子中做宾语。连接副词how是宾语从句中的方式状语。句子是用表示方式的介词by回答的，所以是针对方式提问的，故用how。
答案：how
6.(2015·湖南卷)You have to know________you're going if you are to plan the best way of getting there.
解析：句意：如果你要计划到达那里的最佳路线，你就必须知道你要去哪儿。根据句意可知，此处应用where引导宾语从句，在从句中作地点状语。
答案：where
7.(2015·陕西卷)Reading her biography，I was lost in admiration for________Doris Lessing had achieved in literature.
解析：句意：读完了她的自传后，我对Doris Lessing在文学上做出的贡献非常敬佩。介词for后面是宾语从句，从句中缺少宾语，所以填what。
答案：what
8.(2014·山东卷)It is difficult for us to imagine ________ life was like for slaves in the ancient world.
解析：句意：我们很难想象古代奴隶们的生活是什么样子的。根据分析可知在该空引导的宾语从句中介词like后面缺少宾语且设空处表示“事物”，所以填what，用来引导宾语从句。
答案：what
9.(2014·重庆卷)—Is it true that Mike refused an offer from Yale University yesterday?
—Yeah，but I have no idea ________ he did it;that's one of his favorite universities.
解析：句意：——迈克昨天拒绝了耶鲁大学给他的录取机会，这是真的吗?——是的，但是我不知道他为什么会这样做，那可是他最喜欢的大学之一。根据句意填why。why引导同位语从句。
答案：why
10.(2014·四川卷)Grandma pointed to the hospital and said，“That's ________ I was born.”
解析：句意：奶奶指着那家医院说：“那就是我出生的地方。”本题考查表语从句。根据句意可知该空应该填表示地点的连接词引导表语从句，故填where。
答案：where
11.(2015·北京卷)________the damage is done，it will take many years for the farmland to recover.
解析：句意：一旦损害造成，农田恢复将需要很多年的时间。Once/If做连词“如果”引导条件状语从句。
答案：Once/If
12.(2015·江苏卷)It is so cold that you can't go outside________fully covered in thick clothes.
解析：句意：外面太冷了，你不要出去，除非用厚衣服完全裹起来。“unless fully covered”为“连词+省略结构”，补充完整为“unless you are fully covered”。
答案：unless
13.(2015·天津卷)We need to get to the root of the problem________ we can solve it.
解析：句意：在我们解决问题之前，我们需要找到问题的根源。before “在……之前”。
答案：before
14.(2015·浙江卷)Just________a single world can change the meaning of a sentence，a single sentence can change the meaning of a paragraph.
解析：句意：正如一个简单的单词能改变一个句子的意思一样，一个简单的句子能改变一个段落的意思。as“如，像”。
答案：as
