B
Back in the old days, there were three wise men in ancient Greece. These three wise men were from three different generations. Socrates was the oldest of the three. He passed his knowledge lo his student, Plato, who then passed it on to Aristotle. Socraies, Plato, and Aristotle were all great philosophers(哲学家).Together, their schools of thought have since become the foundation of Western philosophy.
Aristotle was born in 384 B.C.His father, Nicomachus, was a doctor to the king of Macedonia.As the son of a doctor, Aristotle was no stranger to science. Growing up, he learned quite a lot about medicine and biology from his father. Later, after Nicomachus passed away, he was sent to study in Plato's Academy in Athens. Aristotle was about eighteen years old then.
Plato's Academy was Europe's first university. It offered courses on various subjects. Shortly after Aristotle began his study there, he devoted himself to learning everything on the curriculum. He soon proved himself an excellent student.Because of his wide range of interests, Aristotle never limited his range of education.As a result, he became the leading expert in many fields. Philosophy was simply one of them.Aristotle was in the Academy for nearly 20 years. He first joined as a student and then stayed on as a teacher. By the time that Plato died around 347 B.C., Aristotle had already built up a very good name for himself. However, he did not get the job as the head of the Academy. That post went to Plato's nephew. Some people believed that Aristotle felt angry at the choice. But there is no proof to that theory. Regardless of what he had truly felt, Aristotle decided to leave Athens. So in 347 B.C., he quit the Academy and went to work for Hermeias, ruler of Atameus, in Asia Minor (today's Turkey). Aristotle was not alone in this time. He and another Academy member, Xenocrates, who was also a famous philosopher, founded the Assus Academy. They taught there for several years. During his stay in Atarneus, Aristotle was on very good terms with Hermeias. He even married the man's niece, Pythias. Interestingly, when Aristotle later wrote his famous book, Politics, he said that the ideal ages for marriage was 37 for the husband and 18 for the wife. Given that Aristotle was 37 years old at the time, it is very likely that Pythias was 18.
【语篇解读】 本文介绍了古希腊著名哲学家亚里士多德的生平。
40.Which of the following is NOT a philosopher?
A.Socrates. B.Xenocrates.
C.Plato. D.Nicomachus.
解析 细节理解题。文章第二段第二句提到Nicomachus是一名医生，根据第一段第五句和最后一段倒数第六句可知，其他三人都是哲学家，故选D。
答案 D
41.What's the right order of the following events?
a.Socrates passed his knowledge to his student, Plato.
b.Aristotle was sent to Plato's Academy.
c.Aristotle wrote his famous book, Politics.
d.Aristotle learned about medicine and biology from his father.
e.Plato died.
A.a，c，b，d，e B.a，d，h，e，c
C.d，a，c，b，e D.b，a，e，c，d
解析 推理判断题。根据文章所述事情的时间顺序可知B项正确。
答案 B
42.Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?
A.Aristotle felt very angry that he was not chosen as the head of the Academy.
B.Plato's Arcademy was the first university in the world.
C.Aristotle ended up with a happy marriage.
D.Aristotle never left his homeland all his life.
解析 推理判断题。根据文章最后三句可知亚里土多德有着幸福美满的婚姻。A项只是一种说法，并未得到证实;B项的“the world”应改成“Europe”;由亚里士多德离开Athens去了Asia Minor可知D项错误。
答案 C
43.According to the passage we can know in Plato's Academy________.
A.students were provided with only a few subjects at that time
B.Aristotle worked hard hut he was still not famous
C.Aristotle didn't have a very good time for 20 years
D.Arisiotle was not only a student but also became a teacher
解析 推理判断题。根据文章第三段第二句可知A项错误;根据文章第三段第六句可知B项错误;C项文中没有信息支持;根据文章第三段中的“He first joined as a student and then stayed on as a teacher...”可知D项正确。
答案 D
