Part Ⅱ Reading Comprehension(40 points )
Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each of the passage is followed by 5 questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best one and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the centre.
Passage 1
As you are students of English, it’s very possible that you’ll be interested in England. That’s where the language was first spoken. But England is often called by other names. This often confuses people and I wonder if you know what these names mean. So, now I would like to tell you about this matter of names. I believe that you have heard people use the names—England, Britain or Great Britain. Let’s see what each of these names means.
If you look at a map of Europe, you’ll see a group of islands—one larger island off the northwest coast, one smaller and many tiny ones. These make up what is called the British Isles. The largest island of the British Isles is Britain. It is also called Great Britain. The smaller island is Ireland.
Britain is divided into three parts: Scotland, Wales and England. But sometimes the word “England” is used instead of “Britain”. Why so?
In ancient times, what is Britain now used to be three different countries. People in these different countries spoke different languages. Over many years the three countries became one. England is the largest and richest of the three and it has the most people. So the English people take it for granted that their own name stands for the whole island.
There’s another thing that confuses people: sometimes you may hear people say “the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland”. That is the official name of the country. Northern Ireland is only one sixth of the island or Ireland. The rest of the island is an independent state, called the Republic of Ireland. So we have the names of “England”, “Britain”, “Great Britain”, and “the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland”. Now do you know what each of them means?
16. English was first spoken in ______.
A. Britain B. England C. Great Britain D. Ireland
17. Britain is divided into ______.
A. England, Britain, and Wales
B. England, Scotland, and Wales
C. Wales, Scotland, and Great Britain
D. Great Britain, Wales, and Scotland
18. According to the passage, which of the following statements is true?
A. Wales is the richest of the three.
B. Scotland is the largest of the three.
C. Sometimes England is used instead of Britain.
D. Britain is the only name of the largest island of British Isles.
19. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is ______.
A. part of Britain
B. part of British Isles
C. the official name of the whole country England
D. the largest country of all mentioned in the passage
20. Which of the following is an independent country?
A. Wales B. Scotland
C. Northern Ireland D. The Republic of Ireland
Passage 2
“Have you read the newly published edition of Harry Potter?” “Have you ever been fooled on April 1st?” “What have you given your boy/girlfriend on Valentine’s Day(情人节) ?” You may not feel even a little bit surprised when you are confronted with these questions. However, chances are that your parents cannot understand a word. In the wake of globalization, culture has gone beyond border and is flying all over the world, with a great impact on Chinese youths.
By getting in touch with western culture, we are forced to think over things that we took for granted previously. We’ve gradually shrugged off some old notions that may hinder our development, such as “uniformity is always good”, or “authority is always in the right”. I think this is the greatest benefit we can get from this impact. We tend to be critical with what “should be” in our forefathers’ eyes. Only by this critical mind can we initiate some changes; only through change can our nation develop.
However, the cultural impact of globalization does not necessarily result in a deep insight into our own society among youths. We may probably lose something instead of gaining something without independent thinking and investigation.
When you are enjoying a Hollywood movie, don’t think that all the things described in it are true. Even the US president has cautioned they always contain something partial(偏袒的) or even distorted. So we know that what we see of the US may not be a true picture. And even if it is true sometimes, we don’t have to copy all of that. No matter how we appreciate foreign culture, we should never throw away our national culture. Globalization is twoway communication. You get to know the world and the world gets to know you. If we don’t have anything that can cause foreigners to marvel, we may lose our charm as a nation. The national characteristics can be internationalized if we treasure and develop them. Only by doing this can we truly participate in globalization and contribute to our own nation and to the whole world.
It’s incorrect and uncivilized to refuse to have a look at what our guests have brought us. But when we are welcoming and appreciating those gifts, we should bear in mind that we are forever the masters of our land and mind.
21. What is the main idea of this passage?
A. Advantages and disadvantages of a foreign culture.
B. Critical mind on a foreign culture.
C. The importance of a global culture.
D. Impact of the global culture.
22. What does “in the wake of” (Para. 1) mean according to the context?
A. As a result of. B. In accord with.
C. According to. D. With regard to.
23. What is the disadvantage of the culture impact mentioned in the passage?
A. Distortion of the national culture.
B. Abandonment of the national culture.
C. Admiration for foreign cultures.
D. Misuse of foreign cultures.
24. Which statement is TRUE about the globalization of culture?
A. The influence on cultures in the globalization is mutual.
B. The western culture influences our traditional culture more.
C. The western culture dominates the globalization of culture.
D. Our traditional culture is less powerful in the globalization.
25. According to the author, we will perhaps lose the value of our national culture if ______.
A. we make use foreign cultures
B. we stick to the traditional cultures
C. we give up the characteristics of the traditional culture
D. we appreciate the foreign culture without critical mind
Passage 3
The “balance of nature” is not an empty phrase. Nature provides a population to occupy a suitable environment and cuts down surplus population to fit the available food supply. One means of reducing surplus population is predators(食肉动物); others are parasites(寄生虫) and diseases. Also, population density produces nervous disorders and even drives animals to mass migrations, like the lemmings(旅鼠) of Norway who plunge into(跳入) the sea.
That predators populations increase to control other animals has long been known. Many years ago, the Hudson’s Bay Company records revealed that the fox population went up and down about a year after the rabbit population had gone up and down.
Sometimes a situation occurs in which the predators population is reduced to a level below that which nature can readily replace. On Valcour Island in Lake Champlain(New York), a costly campaign resulted in the elimination of predatory animals only to have birds and small animals—including grouse(松鸡) and hares, popular game(猎物)—increase for four years afterward. Then lacking predator control, nature resorted to cut down these populations.
Jamaica had an example of nature’s persistence in providing animals for existing habits. Sugar planters, about 75 years ago, imported mongooses to control rats. The mongooses killed off the rats and, with plentiful food, multiplied. Rats became scarce and the mongooses ate lambs, kids, puppies(小狗), and wildlife. Eventually, food became scarce and the mongoose’s population declined.
26. According to the article, the phrase “balance of nature” means ______.
A. the relation of wildlife to man
B. the adequacy of the food supply to support its animal population
C. the ratio of small game to predators
D. the destruction of predators
27. The effect of predator control over other animal populations ______.
A. has just been learned B. is not recent knowledge
C. is not important now D. was learned in Norway
28. When predators control is not available, nature brings animal population into balance by resorting to ______.
A. hunters B. diseases
C. storms and flood D. forest fires
29. When the mongooses in Jamaica killed off the rats, they ______.
A. quickly died for lack of food B. attacked humans
C. became problems themselves D. ate the sugar crop
30. Implied but not stated: ______.
A. Sugar planters imported mongooses to control rats
B. Man should never tamper(损害) with nature
C. To upset the balance of nature can be troublesome
D. Man has complete control over nature
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