2019年成人高考专升本英语巩固练习及答案（十四）_第3页

　　IV. Reading Comprehensi9I! (60 points)

　　Directions: There are five reading passages in this part. Each passage is followed by four questions. For each question there are four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose one best answer and blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.

　　Passage One

　　Fifty years ago, most people lived in rural areas. But the world has changed. In the near future more than half of all people will live in cities for the first time in history.

　　City life is not always, a bad thing, but many experts worry about this process, ,of urbanization (城市化). “A new report” says that process is having a huge effect on human health and the quality of the environment. Of the three billion people who live in cities now the report says about one billion live in unplanned settlements. These are; areas of poverty slums that generally lack basic services like clean water or even permanent housing. More than 60 million people are added to cities and surrounding areas each year mostly in slums in developing countries. The international community has been too slow to recognize the growth of urban poverty. Policy makers need to increase investments in education, health care and other areas.

　　The report talks about some successful efforts by local governments and community groups. For example, it says in .Colombia;, engineers have created a bus system that has helped reduce air pollution and improve quality of life.

　　The link between urban poverty and the environment is serious, but governments also need to consider why people are moving out of rural areas. Climate changes, droughts, floods - there are many reasons forcing people to leave their farm land.

　　The two issues of poverty reduction and the environment have existed side by side, but rarely have they connected-until now. Governments are starting to understand that environmental collapse is not a natural cost of economic development. Instead, it is hurting the possibility for growth.

　　36. The main idea of the passage is about .

　　A. urbanization and its effects B. a huge effect of human

　　C. economic development D. the environment

　　37. Which is NOT true among the following statements?

　　A. Half a century ago, most people lived in the countryside.

　　B. Climate changes, droughts, floods are the reasons for many people to leave their farm land.

　　C. More than sixty million people are added to cities and surrounding areas every two years.

　　D. The international community has reacted slowly to the growth of urban poverty.

　　38. The process of urbanization has caused many problems, the major one is .

　　A. economy B. the growth of poverty in cities

　　C. education D. health care

　　39. According to the passage, what should be understood by governments?

　　A. The link between the environment and the economy is not serious enough.

　　B. The two issues of poverty reduction and the environment have often been connected

　　C. Environmental collapse is a result of economic development

　　D. Environmental collapse is affecting the possibility for growth.

　　Passage Two

　　Most people want to work, but it has become more difficult in today's world to find work for everybody. The economies (经济) of the world need to grow by 4% each year just to keep the old number of jobs for people. Often this is not possible, and so more people are out of work (失业) . Some people have no jobs now because new machines can do the work of many people in a short time. Also, machines do not ask for more money and longer holiday. In all of the countries of the world, machines are taking work from people, not only in factories but also on the farms. One machine can often do the work of forty people. About 75 000 people are moving to the cities a day to look for jobs, but only 70% of them can find jobs.

　　40. If the economics of the world grow by 4 % each year, .

　　A. people will have no jobs. B. people can still have jobs as before

　　C. 4 % of the people will have jobs D. 97% of the people will have jobs

　　41. One machine can do as much work as .

　　A. 40 % of the people B. 4 % of the people in the world

　　C. 40 people D. 75 000 people

　　42. How many people outside cities go .into cities to look for jobs each day?

　　A. 70% of the people. B. 4% of the people in the world.

　　C. More than 75 000. D. About 75 000 people.

　　43. Which of the following is NOT true?

　　A. Machines are taking work instead of people. B. Now more people are out of work.

　　C. Machines need more money and longer holidays. D. Most people want to have jobs.

　　Passage Three

　　Most English people have three names: a first name, a middle name and the family name. Their family name comes last. For example, my full name is Jim Allan Green. Green is my family name. My parents gave me both of my other names.

　　People don't use their middle names very much. So “John Henry Brown” is usually called “John Brown”. People never use Mr. Mrs. or Miss before their first names. So you can say John Brown, or Mr. Brown; but you should never say Mr. John. They use Mr. Mrs. or Miss with the family name but never with the first name.

　　Sometimes people ask me about my name. “When were you born, why did your parents call you Jim?” they ask. “Why did they choose that name?” The answer is they didn't call me Jim. They called me James. James was the name of my grandfather. In England, people usually call me Jim for short. That's because it is shorter and easier than James.

　　44. Most English people have name ( s ) .

　　A. one B. two C. three D. four

　　45. is Jim's family name.

　　A. Jim B. Green C. Allan D. James

　　46. English people use Mr. Mrs. or Miss with .

　　A. the family name B. the first name

　　C. the middle name D. the first name and the middle name

　　47. People usually call the writer Jim instead of James because .

　　A. it's the name of his grandfather B. it's easier for people to call him

　　C. it's the name that his parents chose for him D. it's more difficult than James