2019年成人高考高起点《英语》模拟试题及答案（12）_第3页

　　阅读理解

　　Passage 1

　　In many parts of the world，a young person's husband or wife is chosen by the person's parents.In the United States，the choice is usually made by the young people themselves.A few people now employ private companies to help them in their search for the right husband or wife.Such a company collects a great deal of information about each man and woman who is interested in marrying and puts the information on a card，which is called an IBM(国际商用机器公司)card. All the cards are then classified(分类)by a computer，a machine which organizes the cards into groups.The theory is that such a machine can make the best decision about matching the right man with the right woman because machines are not influenced by emotions(情感).Mr. Walker and Miss Brown are such a couple.When they first met，they did not have much to talk of since everything was written on their cards.They are so perfectly matched that they seem to have everything in common.For instance，they have the same interests，future plans and even living styles.

　　1. This passage is mainly about __C___.

　　C. a new way that some people choose the right husband or wife in America

　　2. Young people in the United States usually become husband and wife __C___.

　　C. out of their own choices

　　3. In this passage the word "influence" means __A___.

　　A. affect strongly

　　4. After all the cards are sent into a computer, the computer __B___.

　　B. makes the best decision about matching the right man with the right woman

　　5. Mr. Walker and Miss Brown didn't have much to talk of because __C___.

　　C. their information had been written on their cards

　　Passage 2

　　The journey two divers(潜水员)made some time ago to the very deepest point on the earth make us realize how much of the world still remains to be studied. The two men went down seven miles to the bottom of the Pacific Ocean inside a small ball to find out if there are any ocean currents(水流)or signs of life.

　　It was necessary to set out early, so that the ball would come to the surface in daylight, and so be easily found by the mother ship which would be waiting for it. The divers began preparations(准备)early in the morning and soon afterwards, when all was ready, the steel ball disappeared under the surface of the water.

　　The divers felt as if they were going down steps as they passed through warm and cold layers(层)of water. In time, the temperature dropped to freezing point. They kept in touch with the mother ship by telephone telling how they felt. Then, at a depth(深度)of 3,000 feet, the telephone stopped working and they were quite cut off from the outside world. All went well until some four hours later at 30,000 feet, the men were frightened by a loud, cracking(爆裂)noise: even the smallest hole in the ball would have meant instant death. Luckily, though, it was only one of the outer(外部的)windows that had broken. Soon afterwards, the ball touched the soft ocean floor raising a big cloud of "dust" made up of small dead sea-creatures. Here, powerful lights lit up the dark water and the men were surprised to see fish swimming just above them quite untroubled by the great water pressure(压力). But they did not dare to leave the lights on for long , as the heat from them made the water boil. Quite unexpectedly, the telephone began working again and the faint(微弱的)but clear voices of the divers were heard on the mother ship seven miles away. After a stay of thirty minutes the men began their journey up, arriving three hours later, cold and wet through, but none the worse for their experience.

　　1. The purpose of the diver's journey to the deepest point on the earth was to find ___B__.

　　A. if there are water currents and life in the great depths

　　B. if people can stand the severe cold in the great depths

　　C. if there are steps in the great depths

　　D. if the telephone works well in the great depths

　　2. The divers set out early in the morning so that ___A__.

　　A. they could return to the surface during the day

　　B. they could see at the bottom of the ocean

　　C. they could avoid the cold at night

　　D. they could stay long at the bottom

　　3. Which of the following statements is true? A

　　A. The ocean water temperature decreases steadily with the depth

　　B. There are steps on the way to the bottom of the Pacific Ocean

　　C. There are steps between the water layers of different temperature

　　D. The water layers of different temperatures made the divers feel as if they were going down steps

　　4. As the divers went down to the ocean floor, the telephone ___C__.

　　A. kept working all the time

　　B. stopped working at a depth of 3,000 feet and began working again after they reached the bottom

　　C. stopped working at a depth of 3,000 feet and began working at 30,000 feet

　　D. stopped working at a depth of 3,000 feet and began working again when they returned to the same depth

　　5. On the ocean floor, the divers found that __A___.

　　A. there was no life but some small dead sea-creatures

　　B. fish were swimming as freely as they do near the surface

　　C. fish were not swimming freely in the dark water

　　D. fish were not swimming freely under the high water pressure

　　Passage 3

　　Suppose we built a robot(机器人)to explore the planet Mars. We provide the robot with seeing detectors(探测器)to keep it away from danger. It is powered entirely by the sun. Should we program the robot to be equally active at all times? No. The robot would be using up energy at a time when it was not receiving any. So we would probably program it to stop its activity at night and to wake up at dawn the next morning.

　　According to the evolutionary(进化的)theory of sleep, evolution equipped us with a regular pattern of sleeping and waking for the same reason. The theory does not deny(否认)that sleep provides some important restorative functions(恢复功能). It merely says that evolution has programmed us to perform those functions at a time when activity would be inefficient and possibly dangerous. However, sleep protects us only from the sort of trouble we might walk into;it does not protect us form trouble that comes looking for us. So we sleep well when we are in a familiar, safe place, but we sleep lightly, if at all, when we fear that bears will nose into the tent.

　　The evolutionary theory explains the differences in sleep among creatures. Why do cats, for instance, sleep so much, while horses sleep so little? Surely cats do not need five times as much repair and restoration as horses do. But cats can afford to have long periods of inactivity because they spend little time eating and are unlikely to be attacked while they sleep. Horses must spend almost all their waking hours eating, because what they eat is very low in energy value. Moreover, they cannot afford to sleep too long or too deeply, because their survival(生存)depends on their ability to run away from attackers.

　　1. The author uses the example of the robot in space exploration to tell us ___B__.

　　B. the reason why men need to sleep

　　2. Evolution has programmed man to sleep at night chiefly to help him __C___.

　　C. avoid danger and inefficient labour

　　3. According to the author, we cannot sleep well when we __A___.

　　A. are worrying about our safety

　　4. Cats sleep much more than horses do partly because cats __D___.

　　D. spend less time eating to get enough energy

　　5. Which of the following is the main idea of the passage? __A___

　　A. Evolution has equipped all creatures with a regular pattern of sleeping and waking.