2018年成人高考高起点《英语》考前巩固练习及答案（14）_第4页

　　四、阅读理解

　　阅读下列短文,然后根据短文的内容从每小题的四个选择项中选出最佳的一项。

　　A

　　A woman heads into a popular New York City coffee shop on a cold winter morning. Just ahead of her, a man drops a few papers. The woman pauses to help gather them. A clerk at a busy store thanks a customer who has just bought something. “Enjoy”the young woman says, smiling widely. “ Have a nice day. ”She sounds like she really means it. These are the common situations we may see every day.

　　However, in her best-selling book Talk to the Hand, Lynne Truss argues that common good manners such as saying “Excuse me” almost no longer exist. There are certainly plenty who would agree with her. According to one recent study, 70 percent of the US adults said people are ruder now than they were 20 years ago.

　　Is it really true? We decided to find out if good manners are really hard to see. In this politeness study, reporters were sent to many cities in the world. They performed three experiments ：“door tests” ( would anyone hold the door open for them?) ; “paper drops” (who would help them gather a pile of “accidentally” dropped papers?) ; and “service tests” ( which salesclerks would thank them for a purchase?)

　　In New York, 60 tests (20 of each type) were done. Along the way, the reporters met all types of people： men and women of different races, ages, professions (职业)，and income levels. And guess what? In the end, four out of every five people they met passed their politeness test making New York the most polite city in the study.

　　91. What does Lynne Truss argue in Talk to the Hand?

　　A. “Excuse me”is not welcome nowadays.

　　B. Of all the adults in the US 70% are rude.

　　C. People are not as polite as they used to.

　　D. People don’t care about manners any more.

　　92. What is TRUE about the politeness study discussed in the passage?

　　A. New York was the most suitable city for the experiment.

　　B. Sixty tests were designed to see if people are polite to each other.

　　C. The study was reported in many cities of the world.

　　D. Experiments were performed to see if common good manners exist.

　　93. What is found in the study?

　　A. More people passed the tests in New York than in any other cities.

　　B. Different kinds of people acted differently in the New York tests.

　　C. Four out of five people passed the politeness test in the study.

　　D. Many people in the experiment passed the tests by guessing.

　　B

　　Grandma Moses is among the most famous twentieth-century painters of the United States，yet she had only just begun painting in her late seventies. As she once said of herself ：“I would never sit back in a rocking-chair，waiting for someone to help me. ”

　　She was born on a farm in New York State. At twelve she left home and was in a service until at twenty-seven, she married Thomas Moses, the tenant of hers. They farmed most of their lives. She had ten children, of whom five survived; her husband died in 1928.

　　Grandma Moses painted a little as a child and made embroidery pictures as a hobby, but only changed to oils in old age because her hands had become top stiff to sew and she wanted to keep busy and pass the time. Her pictures were first sold at an exhibition，and were soon noticed by a businessman who bought everything she painted. Three of the pictures were shown in the Museum of Modem Art, and in 1940 she had her first exhibition in New York. Between the 1930，s and her death she produced some 2,000 pictures: careful and lively pictures of the country life she had known, with a wonderful sense of color and form.

　　94. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?

　　A. Grandma Moses

　　B. The Children of Grandma Moses

　　C. Grandma Moses: Her Best Pictures

　　D. Grandma Moses and Her First Exhibition

　　95. From Grandma Moses’ s words of herself in the first paragraph, it can be inferred that she

　　Was .

　　A. alone B. pretty

　　C. rich D. independent

　　96. Grandma Moses spent most of her life .

　　A. nursing B. painting

　　C. farming D. embroidering

　　97. Grandma Moses began to paint because she wanted to .

　　A. make her home beautiful B. keep active

　　C. improve her salary D. gain an international fame

　　C

　　Uncle Sam is a tall, thin man. He，s an elder man with white hair and a white beard. He often wears a tall hat，a bow tie，and the stars and stripes of the American flag.

　　Who is this strange-looking man? Would you believe that Uncle Sam is the US government? But why do you call the US government Uncle Sam?

　　During the War of 1812，the US government hired meat packers to provide meat to the army. One of these meat packers was a man named Samuel Wilson. Samuel was a friendly and fair man. Everyone liked him and called him Uncle Sam.

　　Sam Wilson stamped the boxes of meat for the army with a large US for United States. Some government inspectors came to look over Sam’s company. They asked a worker what the US on the boxes stood for. As a joke，the worker answered that these letters stood for the name of his boss，Uncle Sam.

　　The joke spread，and soldiers began saying that their food came from Uncle Sam. Before long, people called all things that came from the government “Uncle Sam，s”，“Uncle Sam” became a nickname for the US government.

　　Soon there were drawings and cartoons of Uncle Sam in newspapers. In these early pictures, Uncle Sam was a young man. He wore stars and stripes, but his hair was dark and he had not a beard. The beard was added when Abraham Lincoln was President. President Lincoln had a beard.

　　The most famous picture of Uncle Sam is on a poster from World War I. The government needed men to fight in the war. In the poster，a very serious Uncle Sam points his finger and says “I want YOU for the US Army. ”

　　98. “Uncle Sam” became a for the US government.

　　A. boss B. nickname

　　C. picture D. businessmen

　　99. Uncle Sam often wears tall hat, and the stars and stripes of the American flag.

　　A. dark hair B. a shirt

　　C. a box D. a bow tie

　　100. Government inspectors came to Sam’s meat-packing company.

　　A. ask B. stand for

　　C. look over D. see

　　101. In the drawing and cartoons of Uncle Sam .

　　A. he wore the stars and stripes

　　B. they never had a beard

　　C. he had no hair

　　D. he wore a bow tie