2018成人高考专升本《英语》阅读理解专题练习(4)
(一)
In bringing up children, every parent watches eagerly the child's acquisition(学会) of each new skill the first spoken words, the first independent steps, or the beginning of reading and writing.It is often tempting to hurry the child beyond his natural learning rate, but this can set up dangerous feelings of failure and states of worry in the child.This might happen at any stage. A baby might be forced to use a toilet too early, a young child might be encouraged to learn to read before he knows the meaning of the words he reads. On the other hand, though, if a child is left alone too much, or without any learning opportunities,he loses his natural enthusiasm for life and his desire to find out new things for himself.?
Parents vary greatly in their degree of strictness towards their children. Some may be especially strict in money matters. Others are sever over times of coming home at night or punctuality for meals. In general, the controls imposed represent the needs of the parents and the values of the community as much as the child's own happiness. their morals can be a dangerous disappointment.
1.Eagerly watching the child's acquisition of new skills ______ .
A)should be avoided
B)is universal among parents
C)sets up dangerous states of worry in the child
D)Will make him lose interest in learning new things
2.In the process of children's learning new skills parents ______ .
A)should encourage them to read before they know the meaning
of the words they read
B)should not expect too much of them
C)should achieve a balance between pushing them too hard and
leaving them on their own
D)should create as many learning opportunities as possible
3.The second paragraph mainly tells us that ______ .
A)parents should be strict with their children
B)parental controls reflect only the needs of the parents and the
values of the community
C)parental restrictions vary, and are not always enforced for the
benefit of the children alone
D)parents vary in their strictness towards their children according
to the situation
4.The word "precept"( Line 3, Para. 3) probably means "______".
A)idea B) punishment C) behaviour D) instruction
5.In moral matters, parents should _______ .
A)observe the rules themselves
B)be aware of the marked difference between adults and children
C)forbid things which have no foundation in morality
D)consistently ensure the security of their children
(二)
American society is not nap (午睡) friendly. In fact, says David Dinges, a sleep specialist at the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine. "There's even a prohibition against admitting we need sleep". Nobody wants to be caught napping or found asleep at work. To quote a proverb: "Some sleep five hours, nature requires seven, laziness nine and wickedness eleven. "
Wrong. The way not to fall asleep at work is to take naps when you need them. "
We have to totally change our attitude toward napping", says Dr. William Dement of Stanford Univereity, the godfather of sleep research. ?
Last year a national commission led by Dement identified an "American sleep debt" which one member said was as important as the national debt, The s concerned about the dangers of sleepiness: people causing industrial accidents or falling asleep while driving. This may be why we have a new sleep policy in the White House. According to recent reports, president Clinton is trying to take a half瞙our snooze (打瞌睡) every afternoon. ?
About 60 percent of American adults nap when given the opportunity. We seem to have "a midafternoon quiet phase"also called"a secondary sleep gate. "Sleeping 15 minutes to two hours in the early afternoon can reduce stress and make us refreshed. Clearly, we were born to nap. ?
We Superstars of Snooze don't nap to replace lost shut ye or to prepare for a night shift. Rather, we"snack"on sleep, whenever, wherever and at whatever time we feel like it. I myself have napped in buses, cars, planes and on boats; on floors and beds; and in libraries, offices and museums.
6. It is commonly accepted in American society that too much sleep is ______ .
A) unreasonable B) criminal C) harniful D) costly
7. The research done by the Dement commission shows that Americans ______ .
A) don't like to take naps
B) are terribly worried about their national debt
C) sleep less than is good for them
D) have caused many industrial and traftic accidents
8. The purpose of this article is to ______ .
A) warn us of the wickedness of napping
B) explain the danger of sleepiness
C) discuss the side effects of napping
D) convince the reader of the necessity of napping
9. The "American sleep debt"( Line 1, Para. 3) is the result of ______ .
A) the traditional misconception the Americans have about sleep
B) the new sleep policy of the Clinton Administration
C) the rapid development of American industry
D) the Americans' worry about the danger of sleepiness
10. The second sentence of the last paragraph tells us that it is ______ .
A) preferable to have a sound sleep before a night shift
B) good practice to eat something light before we go to bed
C) essential to make up for cost sleep
D) natural to take a nap whenever we feel the need for it
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