阅读的基本常识(上)
1、大纲基本要求:
① 六级文章长度: 每篇约350—420个单词
② 六级考试要求: 35分钟内读完1400个单词
③ 六级阅读速度要求: 70个单词 / 分钟
※ 六级阅读官方基本要求:
⒈掌握材料的主旨和大意
⒉了解说明主旨和大意的事实和细节
⒊既能理解字面意思,也能根据所读材料进行一定的判断和推论
⒋既理解个别句子的含义,也能理解上下文的逻辑关系
2、阅读的技巧:
① 学会“跳读”:
△ 一篇文章读懂70%内容就已足够
a、必须要阅读的内容:作者的观点
b、判断是否为“观点”的标准:Ⅰ、语句的位置是否靠前 Ⅱ、用语是否抽象概括
c、不必须要阅读的内容:支持观点的例证和细节
d、需要跳过的内容:Ⅰ、()内的和——内的内容 Ⅱ、人名后的修饰
② “泛读”练习:
a、泛读材料的标准:Ⅰ、原版的稍简单的英文材料 Ⅱ、国内杂志的英文材料
b、三步阅读法:Ⅰ、浏览文章,抓住大意 Ⅱ、猜测单词含义 Ⅲ、精读文章,读懂文章
③ 学会“猜词”:
a、单词的猜测范围:Ⅰ、词性 Ⅱ、感情色彩 Ⅲ、所处语境 Ⅳ、所搭配的介词
eg:In most cases, offensive (侵犯性的)breath (口臭)emanates from bacteria (细菌)in the mouth, although there are other, more surprising causes.
问题:The phrase “emanates from ” in Paragraph 1 most probably means “ ”.
A、thrive on B、account for C、originate from (引发) D、descend from
阅读的基本常识(下)
1、阅读的方式:
① “主动”阅读:
eg:Analysts (分析家)cite (引用)a variety of reasons for this return to the nest.
The marriage age is rising … A high divorce rate …
The expense of an away-from-home college education …skyrocketing housing costs.
问题:Which of the following does not account for young adults regurning to the nest?
A、Young adults find housing costs too high.
B、Quite a number of young adults attend local schools.
C、Young adults seek parental comfort and moral support.
D、Young adults are psychologically and intellectually immature.
※ 通过主题句来预测文章或段落大意
② “扫读”: scanning
eg:问题:
⒈During the years from 1957 to 1976 , the birth rate of the United States .
⒉What influences the birth rate most in the United States is .
⒊The sentence “From costing nothing, children suddenly come to seem impossibly expensive.” (Line 4, Para. 2) implies that .
⒋A chief factor in bringing down the births in Europe in the 19th century is .
⒌The population in the 21st century, according to the writer, .
③ “跳读”: skimming
eg:原文:
第一段:Automation refers to (指的是)…
第二段:Labor’s (劳工)concern (忧虑、关心)over automation arises from uncertainty about effects it brings to employment …
第三段:To protect the interests of their members in the era of automation, unions (工会)have adopted a number of new policies.
问题:Which of the following can best sum up the passage?
B、Labor and the effects of automation.
④ “精读”: intensive reading
“逐句精读”和“选句精读”
2、四步阅读法:
※ 如果某选项与原文句子非常相似,该选项很可能是出题人使用同义替换的方法安排的干扰选项
① 扫描题干,划出关键词:——能定位回原文的词
a、关键词的类型:Ⅰ、标志类 Ⅱ、引用类 Ⅲ、特有类(本题干具有且其他题干不具有)
b、关键词的特性:Ⅰ、稀有性 Ⅱ、不唯一性(数目不唯一;词性不唯一) Ⅲ、相对性
② 浏览文章,划出记号:
a、应做记号标记处:Ⅰ、主题句 Ⅱ、关键词 Ⅲ、集中考点处(关联词、比较级…)
b、经常考到的关联词处:转折词、因果词、并列词…
③ 根据关键词回原文定位:
④ 同义替换,对应答案: