2016年下半年英语六级CET6常速VOA听力训练6

　　Some 770 million people do not have (1) __________water and 2.5 billion more lack basic sanitation. If the status quo continues, by the year 2025, half of the world’s population, around 3 billion people will be living under (2)__________ conditions, causing an increase in hunger, disease, (3)__________ death and strife.

　　According to United Nations Associate Administrator of the UN Development Programme, Rebeca Grynspan, “not only is the world experiencing explosive growth in the demand for water resources, but water waste and pollution increasingly threaten the (4)__________ of aquatic and agro ecosystems vital for life and food security.”

　　To help address this issue, the United Nations has declared 2013 The International Year of Water Cooperation. At a recent conference, held in Tajikistan’s capital Dushanbe, U.S. Deputy Assistant Secretary for the Bureau of Oceans and International Environmental and Scientific Affairs, Daniel Reifsnyder stated that there is no (5)__________ to global and regional cooperation on water.

　　“As demands rise and supplies decline – as (6)__________ increases – there will be conflicts among competing uses and among competing users. There will be (7)__________ over who has access, and over when and how water is used. There will also be less room for mistakes and a greater need to get the most value out of every drop.”

　　One good example of a mechanism that supports (8)__________ on shared waters is the Shared Waters Program, or SWP, at the United Nations Development Program. This is a multi-donor platform for establishing new, or strengthening existing, regional mechanisms for advancing cooperation on shared waters, said Deputy Assistant Secretary Reifsnyder.

　　The United States is currently supporting this program in a number of the world’s river basins, laying the groundwork for shared management. Once the groundwork has been completed, traditional development (9) __________will support the next steps in developing and realizing the program.

　　Still, half of all international river basins lack any cooperative management framework. That must change.

　　“There really is no choice,” said Deputy Assistant Secretary Reifsnyder. “The history here is clear – without cooperation economic growth is slower and insecurity grows. Through cooperation, communities and countries can fully realize the (10)__________ of shared water resources, and work toward a more secure water future.”

　　听写答案

　　1.clean

　　2.water-stressed

　　3.preventable

　　4.integrity

　　5.alternative

　　6.variability

　　7.legitimate disputes

　　8.cooperation

　　9.assistance

　　10.multiple benefits

　　词汇解释

　　1.sanitationn. [医] 环境卫生;卫生设备;下水道设施

　　The location is exceptionally poor, viewed from the sanitation point.

　　从卫生角度来看， 这个地段非常糟糕。

　　2.aquaticadj. 水生的;水栖的;在水中或水面进行的

　　Aquatic sports include swimming and rowing.

　　水上运动包括游泳和划船。

　　3.variabilityn. 可变性，变化性;[生物][数] 变异性

　　There is considerable variability in all the test scores.

　　所有这些考查成绩都有很大变化。

　　4.basinn. 水池;流域;盆地;盆

　　She tipped the flour into the basin.

　　她把面粉倒进盆内。

　　5.status quon. 现状

　　We must not return to the status quo.

　　我们决不能恢复原状。

　　内容解析

　　1.Daniel Reifsnyder stated that there is no alternative to global and regional cooperation on water.

　　no alternative to 除了...别无选择

　　There appears to be no alternative to the increase of price.

　　除了提高物价没有别的选择。

　　She had no alternative but to ask for a few days'leave.

　　实在不得已，她只好请几天假。

　　2.The United States is currently supporting this program in a number of the world’s river basins, laying the groundwork for shared management.

　　lay the groundwork for做准备工作

　　Go ahead and lay the groundwork for your next great achievement.

　　要始终向前，并为下一次的成功铺就平坦之路。

　　Though a Classical giant, Mozart helped lay groundwork for the Romantic with its less precise structures.

　　莫扎特是古典乐派的伟大天才，但他用自己不怎么讲求结构形式的作品为浪漫乐派诞生奠定了基础。

　　参考译文

　　各国必须进行水资源合作

　　全世界约有7.7亿人口没有清洁用水，25亿人口缺少基本的卫生条件。如果这一现状继续下去，截止2025年，全世界近一半的人口，即30亿人将生活在水资源紧张状态，导致饥饿、疾病、可预防的死亡及战事的增加。

　　联合国开发计划署副主任雷贝卡·格林斯潘说，“全世界不仅正在经历着水资源需求量的骤增，而且废水和污染也越发威胁着对人类和粮食安全至关重要的水生生态系统和农业系统的完整性。”

　　为了帮助解决这个问题，联合国宣布了“2013年国际淡水年水合作”计划。最近在塔吉克斯坦首都杜尚别举行的会议上，美国助理海洋和国际环境和科学事务局副助理部长丹尼尔·瑞夫斯奈德说，除了进行全球和地区水合作外别无选择。

　　“随着需求增加，供应减少，多样性也增加，在相互竞争的使用和竞争使用者之间将存在冲突。在谁获得水、何时获得和如何使用上将产生法律争端。允许犯错的空间将更小，更加需要从每一滴水中得到最大的价值。”

　　支持共享水合作的一个不错的例证就是联合国发展计划署的“共享水计划”(SWP)，是建立新的或加强现存、地区水共享机制更高级合作的多捐赠者平台，副助理部长瑞夫斯奈德如是说。

　　美国目前在全世界多个河流流域支持该项目，为进行共享管理奠定了基础。一旦基本工作完成，传统的发展援助将支持下一步的发展并实现目标。

　　不过还有近一半的国际河流流域缺少合作管理框架，必须对此做出改变。

　　副助理部长瑞夫斯奈德说，“我们确实别无选择，历史已经很清楚，缺少合作就会导致经济发展放缓和不稳定增强。通过合作，不同的社区和国家可以充分实现共享水资源的多重好处，实现水资源更安全的未来。”