长对话题中,考生在考场上可以直接接触到的同样也只是每道题的四个选项,谈话内容与问题均在录音中出现,因此考生拿到考卷后应该从分析选项入手,遵循以下四个步骤答题:
第1步:快速浏览各题选项,注意相同或相关词语的重复出现,推测对话主题。
在没有听原文之前我们只能通过几个题的选项来“串”对话,猜测对话内容。根据各题选项中出现的相同或相关词语,可以推测出短文的大致主题,从而更容易、更准确地理解短文内容,并且可以有助于主旨题的解答。
第2步:按照题目顺序,推测问题类型及内容,确定听音时需要关注的主要信息点。
很多选项都有比较明显的特点,或者使用某种专门的表达形式,如均为动词原形或均为人物角色等;或者含有一些标志性的词语,如均含有描述某人性格或某事特点的词语。通过这些选项特点及选项内容,我们便可以推测问题可能考查的核心内容,从而在听音时更有针对性。注意在推测问题时,应与主题联系起来,因为每一道问题都不会偏离主题;反过来结合几道题的考查核心,可以进一步确认主题内容。
第3步:集中精力听对话,抓取关键点必要时做适当笔记。
听音时应重点留意开头、结尾以及与选项相关的信息,并针对选项要点适当笔记。
第4步 :根据提问内容,结合所做笔记,迅速得出答案。
【例1】(710分样卷-Conversation One)
19题
[A]To interview a few job applicants.
[B]To fill a vacancy in the company.
[C] To advertise for a junior sales manager.
[D] To apply for a job in a major newspaper.
20题
[A]A hard working ambitious young man.
[B]A young man good at managing his time.
[C]A college graduate with practical working experience.
[D]A young man with his own idea of what is important.
21题
[A]Not clearly specified.
[B]Not likely to be met.
[C]Reasonable enough
[D]Apparently sexist
【解题步骤】
第一步:快速浏览各题选项,注意相同或相关词语的重复出现,推测对话主题。
预览三道题各选项,由19题可以推测对话与公司刊登招聘广告或应聘工作有关,而20题则表明对话中还涉及到对所招聘人员的要求。
第二步:按照题目顺序,推测问题类型及内容,确定听音时需要关注的主要信息点。
19题选项均为不定式短语,故问题很可能与某种行为有关。[ A ]、[ C ]是关于招聘工作(interview, advertise),[ B ]、[ D]则是关于申请工作(fill, apply for),故听音时应首先搞清对话是关于招聘还是应聘,然后注意抓取选项中出现的关键词。
20题选项均为具有不同特点的人才,故可推知本题考查的是对于招聘人员的要求。因此,听音时应重点关注对人才要求的描述,并留意选项中的关键词语:hard working ,ambitious, good at managing his time , working experience等。
21题选项均是对某事物的评价,而根据specified(具体)和be met(得到满足)以及对对话主题的猜测,可推测本题很可能是考查对招聘要求的评价或看法。故听音时应注意那些带评论性质的词语或句子。
第三步:集中精力听对话,抓取关键点必要时做适当笔记。
抓取关键点:
M: Morning, Brenda.
W: Good morning, Mr. Browning.
M: Er, did you, [19①]did you put that ad in yesterday?
W: Yes, yesterday afternoon.
M: [19②]The ad for a junior sales manager, I mean.
W: Yes, it went into the Standard and the Evening News.
M: That’s good. Erm, well ...
W: What kind of person have you got in mind for this job? M: Oh, well, [20①]somebody fairly young, you know, twenty something, like 21, or 25. [20②]A man, I think.
W: A man?
M: We really need a man for the position. Yes, I mean, its really too demanding. The sort of situations they get into are much too difficult for a young woman to deal with, erm ...
W: Erm, what sort of a young man have you got in mind?
M: Oh, you know, a good education, polite, responsible, and easy to get along with. What I don’t want is one of those young men just out of university, with exaggerated ideas of his own importance.
W: Yes, erm, what sort of education are you actually looking for?
M: Well, you know, a
a couple of A levels. Must have English, of course.
W: Yes, I think [21①] you’re asking quite a lot. I mean you’re not really prepared to pay all ...
M: No, I’m not prepared to give him a big salary to start with. Nevertheless, I want [20③]someone with plenty of ambition, plenty of drive. You know, not looking at the clock all the time.
W: Well sir, I wish you the best of luck and hope you have some very successful interviews.
M: Well, yes?
W: Because personally I think[21②] you’re asking an awful lot.
第四步 :根据提问内容,结合所做笔记,迅速得出答案。
19. What did Mr. Browning ask Brenda to do?
根据原文中did you put that ad in yesterday? 和The ad for a junior sales manager可知Mr. Browning是要求Brenda在报纸上刊登一则招聘广告。本题只需抓住ad一词(advertisement的缩写)即可确定答案为[C]。
20. What kind of person will meet the job requirements?
根据原文中fairly young, plenty of ambition, plenty of drive等关键词可知,招聘者想要寻找的是一个工作努力、有抱负的年轻小伙子,故答案为[A]。
21. What does Brenda think of the qualifications Mr. Browning insists on?
根据原文中女士话中you’re asking quite a lot 以及you’re asking an awful lot可推知她认为Mr. Browning的要求太多太高,不大可能会得到满足,故答案为[B]。