2006年12月23日大学英语新四级考试真题与答案_第5页

Passage Two
As we have seen, the focus of medical care in our society has been shifting from curing disease to preventing disease—especially in terms of changing our many unhealthy behaviors, such as poor eating habits, smoking, and failure to exercise. The line of thought involved in this shift can be pursued further. Imagine a person who is about the right weight, but does not eat very nutritious (有营养的) foods, who feels OK but exercises only occasionally, who goes to work every day, but is not an outstanding worker, who drinks a few beers at home most nights but does not drive while drunk, and who has no chest pains or abnormal blood counts, but sleeps a lot and often feels tired. This person is not ill. He may not even be at risk for any particular disease. But we can imagine that this person could be a lot healthier.
The field of medicine has not traditionally distinguished between someone who is merely “not ill” and someone who is in excellent health and pays attention to the body’s special needs. Both types have simply been called “well.” In recent years, however, some health specialists have begun to apply the terms “well” and “wellness” only to those who are actively striving to maintain and improve their health. People who are well are concerned with nutrition and exercise, and they make a point of monitoring their body’s condition. Most important, perhaps, people who are well take active responsibility for all matters related to their health. Even people who have a physical disease or handicap (缺陷) may be “well,” in this new sense, if they make an effort to maintain the best possible health they can in the face of their physical limitations. “Wellness” may perhaps best be viewed not as a state that people can achieve, but as an ideal that people can strive for. People who are well are likely to be better able to resist disease and to fight disease when it strikes. And by focusing attention on healthy ways of living, the concept of wellness can have a beneficial impact on the ways in which people face the challenges of daily life.
62. Today medical care is placing more stress on ________.
A) keeping people in a healthy physical condition
B) monitoring patients’ body functions
C) removing people’s bad living habits
D) ensuring people’s psychological well-being
63. In the first paragraph, people are reminded that ________.
A) good health is more than not being ill
B) drinking, even if not to excess, could be harmful
C) regular health checks are essential to keeping fit
D) prevention is more difficult than cure
64. Traditionally, a person is considered “well” if he ________.
A) does not have any unhealthy living habits
B) does not have any physical handicaps
C) is able to handle his daily routines
D) is free from any kind of disease
65. According to the author, the true meaning of “wellness” is for people ________.
A) to best satisfy their body’s special needs
B) to strive to maintain the best possible health
C) to meet the strictest standards of bodily health
D) to keep a proper balance between work and leisure
66. According to what the author advocates, which of the following groups of people would be considered healthy?
A) People who have strong muscles as well as slim figures.
B) People who are not presently experiencing any symptoms of disease.
C) People who try to be as possible, regardless of their limitations.
D) People who can recover from illness even without seeking medical care.
Part V Cloze (15 minutes)
Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D) on the right side of the paper. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.
Language is the most astonishing behavior in the animal kingdom. It is the species-typical behavior that sets humans completely __67__ from all other animals. Language is a means of communication, __68__ it is much more than that. Many animals can __69__. The dance of the honeybee communicates the location of flowers __70__ other members of the hive (蜂群). But human language permits communication about anything, __71__ things like unicorn (独角兽) that have never existed. The key __72__ in the fact that the units of meaning, words, can be __73__ together in different ways, according to __74__, to communicate different meanings.
Language is the most important learning we do. Nothing __75__ humans so much as our ability to communicate abstract thoughts, __76__ about the universe, the mind, love, dreams, or ordering a drink. It is an immensely complex __77__ that we take for granted. Indeed, we are not aware of most __78__ of our speech and understanding. Consider what happens when one person is speaking to __79__. The speaker has to translate thoughts into __80__ language. Brain imaging studies suggest that the time from thoughts to the __81__ of speech is extremely fast, only 0.04 seconds! The listener must hear the sounds to __82__ out what the speaker means. He must use the sounds of speech to __83__ the words spoken, understand the pattern of __84__ of the words (sentences), and finally __85__ the meaning. This takes somewhat longer, a minimum of about 0.5 seconds. But __86__ started, it is of course a continuous process.
67. A) apart
B) off
C) up
D) down
68. A) so
B) but
C) or
D) for
69. A) transfer
B) transmit
C) convey
D) communicate
70. A) to
B) from
C) over
D) on
71. A) only
B) almost
C) even
D) just
72. A) stays
B) situates
C) hides
D) lies
73. A) stuck
B) strung
C) rung
D) consisted
74. A) rules
B) scales
C) laws
D) standards
75. A) combines
B) contains
C) defines
D) declares
76. A) what
B) whether
C) while
D) if
77. A) prospect
B) progress
C) process
D) produce
78. A) aspects
B) abstracts
C) angles
D) assumptions
79. A) anybody
B) another
C) other
D) everybody
80. A) body
B) gesture
C) written
D) spoken
81. A) growing
B) fixing
C) beginning
D) building
82. A) put
B) take
C) draw
D) figure
83. A) identify
B) locate
C) reveal
D) discover
84. A) performance
B) organization
C) design
D) layout
85. A) prescribe
B) justify
C) utter
D) interpret
86. A) since
B) after
C) once
D) until
Part VI Translation (5 minutes)
Directions:   Complete the sentences by translating into English the Chinese given in brackets. Please write you translation on Answer Sheet 2. 87.   Specialists in intercultural studies say that it is not easy to ________ (适应不同文化中的生活). 88.   Since my childhood I have found that ________ (没有什么比读书对我更有吸引力). 89.   The victim ________ (本来会有机会活下来) if he had been taken to hospital in time. 90.   Some psychologists claim that people ________ (出门在外时可能会感到孤独). 91.   The nation’s population continues to rise ________ (以每年1200万人的速度).