2013年12月四级考试语法：非谓语动词_第2页

　　副标题#e#

　　7)need, want, deserve +动名词表被动意义;+不定式被动表示“要(修、清理等)”意思。

　　Don't you remember seeing the man before?你不记得以前见过那个人吗?

　　You must remember to leave tomorrow.你可要记着是明天动身。

　　I regret to have to do this， but I have no choice.我很遗憾必须这样去做，我实在没办法。

　　You must try to be more careful.你可要多加小心。

　　Let's try doing the work some other way.让我们试一试用另外一种办法来做这工作。

　　4.不定式、现在分词和过去分词作定语的区别

　　The child standing over there is my brother.站在那儿的男孩子是我弟弟。

　　The room facing south is our classroom.朝南的房间是我们的教室。

　　The book writen by professor Smith is very popular in China now. 由史密斯教授写的那本书在中国非常受欢迎

　　I have find my watch lost.

　　5.不定式和分词作状语的区别

　　(1)现在分词与过去分词作状语的区别。

　　1)现在分词作状语时，现在分词的动作就是句子主语的动作，它们之间的关系是主动关系。

　　Not knowing what to do, he went to his parents for help.

　　由于不知如何办是好，他去找父母帮忙。

　　2)过去分词作状语时，过去分词表示的动作是句子主语承受的动作，它们之间的关系是被动关系。

　　Given more attention, the trees could have grown better.

　　6.非谓语动词常考的其它结构

　　(1)疑问词+不定式结构

　　疑问词who，what，which，when，where和how后加不定式可构成一种特殊的不定式短语。它在句中可以用作主语、宾语、表语和双重宾语。

　　When to start has not been decided.何时动身尚未决定。(主语)

　　I don't know what to do.我不知道该怎么办。(宾语)

　　The difficulty was how to cross the river.困难在于如何过河。(表语)

　　I can tell you where to get this book.我可以告诉你哪里可以买到此书。(双重宾语)

　　(2)不带to的不定式

　　1)在表示生理感觉的动词后的不定式不带to。

　　这类词有： feel 觉得 observe 注意到，看到 overhear听到 watch注视 listen to听 perceive察觉，感知 notice注意 see看见 look at看 hear听

　　On seeing the young child fell into the lake，Eric sprang to his feet，and went on the rescue.

　　2)另一类是某些使役动词，如make, let，have等。

　　Let him do it.让他做吧。

　　I would have you know that I am ill.我想让你知道我病了。

　　①上述感觉动词与使役动词转换为被动结构时.其后的不定式一般需带to，

　　He was seen to come. The boy was made to go to bed early.

　　3)在do nothing/anything/everything but(except)结构中。

　　例如：Last night I did nothing but watch TV.昨天晚上，我除了看电视别的什么也没有干。

　　但是，如果谓语动词不是“do nothing，anything，everything”，那么but(except)所跟的不定式则仍须带。

　　The doctor told him nothing but to stop smoking.医生除了让他戒烟，其它什么都没有说。

　　There was nothing for them to do but to remain silent.除了保持沉默以外，他们没有别的办法。

　　7.非谓语动词中的有关句型

　　(1)动名词作主语的句型

　　1)It is + no use, no good (fun, a great pleasure, a waste of time, a bore...)等名词+doing sth. It is no use crying.哭没有用。

　　It is no good objecting.反对也没有用。

　　It is a great fun playing football.打篮球很有趣。

　　2) It is + useless (nice, good，interesting, expensive等形容词)+ doing sth.

　　It is useless speaking.光说没用。

　　It is nice seeing you again.真高兴又遇到了你。

　　It is good playing chess after supper.晚饭后弈棋挺好。