6.多重复合句叠加
所谓多重复合句叠加,就是说一个长句子当中可能包含了好几种句式(并列的定语从句、状语从句、介词短语等等)。
解牛方法:分清主从句,理清句子逻辑关系至关重要。通常采用图表法。例如:
(1)Then there is the general, all covering apology, which avoids the necessity of identifying a specific act that was particularly hurtful or insulting, and which the person who is apologizing should promise never to do again. (2006.1)
结构图:
★①——☆①
○——○——
★②——☆②
说明:
○——○=then there is the general, all covering apology
★①=which avoids the necessity of identifying a specific act
★②= and which the person should promise never to do again
☆①= that was particularly hurtful or insulting
☆②= Who is apologizing
显然,原句子是由有there be引导做主句,后面跟了两个which 引导的定语从句,两者是并列的。比较特殊的是which定语从句中有各自有一个定语从句,像是一个连环套。
分解为以下几个句子:
1.Then there is the general, all covering apology
2.Which avoids the necessity of identifying a specific act
3.That was particularly hurtful or insulting
4.And which the person
5.Who is apologizing
6.Should promise never to do again
翻译:
1.然后就有了一种一般意义的、无所不包的道歉
2.这种道歉避免了一种指明特别行为的必要性
3.特别是让人伤心或者令人委屈的行为
4.这种道歉使得人们
5.道歉的人们
6.承诺以后不再犯类似的行为
句子整合翻译:然后还有一种泛泛的无所不包的道歉,这种道歉避免了一种指明特别让人伤心、特别令人委屈的、道歉者应该保证以后不会再犯的具体行为。