2016年大学英语四级考前全真模拟试题及答案（二）_第7页

　　Section B

　　Passage One

　　【听力原文】

　　Good afternoon. I'm Celia Kim, housing director here at the university. [ 16] I'm visiting all the dormitories this week to inform students about check-out procedures. I know you have a lot on your minds with finals coming up, but there are a few things you need to be aware of as you prepare to leave for vacation. This dormitory will be closed during the summer months and will reopen on September 1st. You must vacate your room by June 3rd. Even if you're registered for classes during the summer, you must leave this dorm by June 3rd. If this poses a problem for you, you should contact my office as soon as possible. You should remember to turn in your room key before you leave. Failure to return your key can result in a 20-dollar fine. [17 ] You must also make sure that all of your personal property has been cleared out of your room. [18] I'll be passing out a form for you to fill out concerning the condition of your room. You should report on the form any damage to your room which has occurred over the last year, such as holes in the room's walls, doors, windows or cabinets. That way, our summer maintenance crew will know where to make repairs before the next school year starts. If you have any questions during the next few days, please ask your resident advisors or call my office. Now please take one of the forms as they are passed around.

　　16. What does the speaker mainly discuss?

　　17. Before leaving their dorm rooms, what must the students do?

　　18. What must students report on the forms?

　　16.D

　　【解题思路】四项均为名词短语，相互之间关联度不高，且该题目为此段短文的第一题，因此很可能考查短文的主旨。

　　【解析】讲话者在开头就进行了自我介绍，表明自已是“housing director here atthe university(大学的住宿主管)，其讲话内容也围绕学生宿舍在暑期的各项管理规定展开，可见该短文的主旨是暑期前的各项退宿手续，故选D。check-out意为“离开房间;退房结账”，其反义短语为“check-in(办理入住;登记，报到)”。

　　17.C

　　【解题思路】

　　1.四项均以动词原形开头(register，repair，remove，call)。

　　2.三项属于学生可能需要做的事情(register for summer school，remove personal property，call the housing office)。

　　结论：本题可能考查学生需要做的事情，应留意与动作有关的信息。

　　【解析】本题是问学生在离开宿舍前必须要做的事情。housing director重点强调了三件事情：一是学生必须在6月3日之前搬离宿舍，如有困难，需与宿管部门联系;二是学生在离校之前要交出钥匙;三是要确保将自己的个人财物带出自己的房间。没有选项提及搬离或交钥匙的事情，故正确答案只能是C。

　　18.B

　　【解题思路】

　　1.四项均为名词性短语。

　　2.两项含有与假期有关的词汇(summer addresses，leave)，分别涉及地点和时间。

　　结论：应注意听与假期有关的名词，可能是需要听众提供某种信息。

　　【解析】本题是问学生在表格里应该填写什么信息。讲话者提到，学生需要填写一个关于房间状况的表格，写明在过去的一年当中房屋设施有哪些损坏，比如墙、门、窗、柜子等等。故选B。

　　Passage Two

　　【听力原文】

　　Good evening. I am doctor Winkle, saying hello to you from the school radio station. Do you have trouble sleeping at night? Tossing and turning in your bed can be a very painful experience. Then maybe this is for you.

　　[ 19 ] When you worry about needing sleep and twisting around, trying to find a comfortable position, you're probably only making matters worse. What happens is that your heart rate actually increases, making it more difficult to relax. You may also have some bad habits that contribute to the problem.[20] Do you rest frequently during the day? Do you get virtually no exercise, or do you exercise strenuously late in the day?

　　Do you think about sleeping a lot or sleeping late on weekends? Any or all of these factors might be leading to your insomnia by disrupting your body's natural rhythm. What should you do then on those sleepless nights? [21 ] Don't bother with sleeping pills. They can actually cause worse insomnia later. The best thing to do is to drink milk or eat cheese or tuna fish. They are all rich in the amino acid that helps produce in the brain a neurotransmitter that induces sleep. This neurotransmitter will help you relax, and you'll be on the way to get a good night's sleep. Until tomorrow's broadcast, this has been another in the series "Hints for Good Health" by Doctor Winkle.

　　19. What happens when you turn and twist to get comfortable?

　　20. What sometimes causes people to have trouble sleeping?

　　21. What does the speaker say about sleeping pills?

　　19.B

　　【解题思路】

　　1.四项均为句子。

　　2.三项含有与睡眠、休息有关词汇(relax，sleep，sleeping)。

　　3.四项均提及第二人称(your，you)。

　　结论：本题可能考查对睡眠情况的描述，从句式来看，可能是谈到某种影响。

　　【解析】短文在开始部分提到，如果担心自己难以入睡，一直辗转反侧试图找一个舒服的姿势的话，你很可能只会使情况更糟，因为这时候心率会加快，从而使人更难以放松、入睡，故选B：

　　20.C

　　【解题思路】

　　1.四项均为名词短语。

　　2.两项含有与缺少有关的词汇(failure，lack)。

　　3.三项含有与睡眠、休息有关的词汇(rest，sleep，goingto beD.。

　　结论：本题可能是问什么因素会导致失眠。

　　【解析】短文提到，“可能还有其他一些不好的习惯会导致失眠。你白天是不是经常休息?你是不是一点都不锻炼?抑或是你很晚的时候还做剧烈运动?你周末的时候是不是想多睡一会或睡懒觉?其中任何一个因素或者所有这些因素都可能导致失眠，因为它们会打乱你身体的自然节奏。”将各选项中的叙述与短文提及的内容比对即可得出正确选项为c。D(睡前吃奶酪)在后文中虽有提及，但却属于有助于睡眠的做法。

　　21.A

　　【解题思路】

　　1.三项以they开头，需先判定they的指代对象。

　　2.三项含有与产生影响有关的动词(cause，help，make)。

　　结论：本题可能考查某种东西会产生何种影响。

　　【解析】题干问讲话者(即温克尔博士)对于安眠药持怎样的观点。温克尔博士提到：“当晚上失眠的时候，你应该做些什么呢?不要吃安眠药，因为安眠药会引起以后更糟糕的失眠。最好是喝点牛奶，吃些奶酪或者金枪鱼。”故选A。

　　Passage Three

　　【听力原文】

　　[22] We've just discussed how most snakes move, but there are some notable exceptions. One is the snake called the "American side-winder". From its name, you can probably guess that it moves sideways rather than in a straight line. This is because it lives in the desert where the sand slips and slides. [23] With nothing firm to push against for traction, the side-winder has had to adapt its way of movement to the shifting sand. It pushes against the sand with the entire side of its body, and then move sideways or sidesteps. Think about how a skier climbs a slope on skies. The skier places the skies at an angle of approximately 90 degrees to the direction of movement. The skier then moves each ski by taking a step to the side up the slope. The side-winder snake moves in much the same manner. It lays its body at about 60 degree angle to the direction in which it wants to go. By doing this, the snake has more sand to push against. Then it points its head in the direction it wants to go and leaps to a parallel spot. Contractions down the length of the snake's body force the remainder of the body to follow. [24] If you see the tracks left by a side-winder in loose sand, you'll see a series of paralleled lines. !251 An added advantage gained from this method of moving may be that the snake's body is kept cooler by the breaking of contact with the hot sand during its leaps.

　　22. What is the main topic of the talk?

　　23. Why does the side-winder move the way it does?

　　24. What do the side-winder's tracks look like?

　　25. What may be a special advantage of the side-winder's method of moving?

　　22.C

　　【解题思路】

　　1.四项均为名词性短语，且相互之间关联度不高。

　　2.两项合有与沙漠有关的词汇(sand，desert)。

　　结论：本题可能考查短文的主旨。

　　【解析】讲话者在开头处就提到：“刚刚我们已经讲了大多数蛇的移动方式，但是还有一些明显的特例，American side—winder(北美斜行蛇)就是其中的一种。”接下来，讲话者详细介绍了这种蛇的移动方式。故选C。

　　23.B

　　【解题思路】四项均为以to开头的不定式短语。而不定式短语通常可以表示目的。因此本题很可能考查某种做法的目的是什么。

　　【解析】题干问这种斜行蛇为什么要这样移动。短文中提到：“With nothing fu'rn to push against for traction，the side—winder has had to adapt its way of movement to the shifting sand.(由于找不到坚硬的东西来提供支撑摩擦力，斜行蛇只能使其移动的方式适应松软的细沙环境。)”接着，讲话者将这种蛇的移动方式与滑雪者的行进路线进行了类比，故选B。

　　24.D

　　【解题思路】

　　1.四项均以lines结尾。

　　2.修饰lines的均为表示形状的形容词(wavy，circular，perpendicular，parallel)。

　　结论：本题可能考查这种蛇移动路线的具体形状，需重点关注与lines有关的内容。

　　【解析】短文中明确提到，如果你观察斜行蛇在细沙中留下的痕迹，就会发现它的行迹是平行线的形状，故选D。其他三项wavy(波浪形)、circular(圆形)、perpendicular(垂直线形)均未提及，可以排除。

　　25.A

　　【解题思路】

　　1.四项均为名词短语。

　　2.三项以比较级开头(10wer，greater，wider)。

　　3.四项均含有与动物的生理状态有关的词或短语(body temperatures，energy consumption，conceal itself,vision)。

　　结论：本题可能考查斜行蛇特殊的移动方式对于其在沙漠中的生存有什么好处。

　　【解析】讲话者在结尾处指出，这种移动方式在行进的过程中有短时离开地面的时候，因此能够使斜行蛇在灼热的沙漠里保持较低的体温，故选A。

　　Section C

　　【听力原文】

　　The northern Italian city of Milan banned all traffic from its streets for 10 hours on Sunday [ 26 ] in an attempt to reduce smog.

　　The measure which was first imposed on a trial basis in the year 2007 is [ 27 ] triggered whenever pollution exceeds the statutory limit for 12 [28] consecutive days.

　　Satellite imagery shows Milan to be one of the most polluted cities in Europe. An estimated 120,000 [29]vehicles will be affected by the move, according to the major daily newspaper in the city.

　　The most polluting vehicles have [30 ] been banned from driving through the city center since Thursday. But on Sunday, there was supposed to be no traffic between 8:00 and 18:00.

　　The ban is imposed when pollution [31 ] exceeds 50 micrograms of particulates per cubic meter of air over 12 days. The last time the full ban was [32] in force was in February.

　　The move is not popular with all environmentalists, who argue that the city's public transport system should be improved to [33 ] discourage people from using their cars. Local Green Party councilor Enrico Fedrighini said cars with three or four people inside should be offered free parking, for example. "One or two car-free Sundays

　　each month will not do anything to [34] tackle the smog crisis," he told the daily newspaper in the city.

　　Public transport was to be bolstered during the day, with an [35] extra metro trains and buses operating.