2015下半年翻译资格高级口译重点词汇梳理（2）

　　1. 环境话题是历年口译考试的热点话题之一，今年的环保话题的重点在于低碳(low carbon)二字。低碳绝对是当下社会最为时尚的词汇，因为它涉及到经济涉及到社会涉及到民生的方方面面，从京都议定书以来，碳排放量就一直是环境问题的一个关键点，口译考试一直热衷于考察经济和环境等话题，因此与低碳的相关词汇大家要做好积累。

　　在全球暖化(global warming)导致的气候变化(climate change)的威胁之下，全球正直面低碳挑战(low-carbon challenge)，因此，发展低碳经济，减少碳排放(carbon emission reduction)，倡导低碳生活方式不但势在必行，而且是我们每一个地球人都必须重视和行动起来的头等大事。

　　1.低碳 Low-Carbon

　　2. 低碳经济 Low-Carbon Economy(LCE)

　　A Low-Carbon Economy (LCE) or Low-Fossil-Fuel Economy (LFFE) is a concept that refers to an economy which has a minimal output of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions into the biosphere, but specifically refers to the greenhouse gas carbon dioxide.

　　3. 低碳生活 Low-Carbon Life

　　相关英语表达见如下例句：

　　(1)A one-year carbon emission reduction program proposed by China's Ministry of Environmental Protection (MEP) was started here Wednesday, on World Earth Day, to encourage citizens nationwide to adjust their lifestyle. and live a "low-carbon" lifestyle. A low-carbon lifestyle. covers many aspects of modern life, such as transportation, home heating, and holiday travel, which can be conducted in a way that gives the maximum reduction of personal carbon emissions.

　　(2)As the Copenhagen Climate Conference is drawing near, more and more debate about low-carbon lifestyle. come forth.

　　(3)Just this year, the low-carbon lifestyle, or Lifestyle. of Health and Sustainability (LOHAS), suddenly became trendy in China, particularly among young urbanites, Lin said.

　　与“低碳生活方式”相关的说法还有“低碳生活”，即low-carbon life，相关搭配就是lead a low-carbon life，因为“低碳经济”提出的大背景是全球气候变暖对人类生存和发展的严峻挑战，因此，“低碳生活方式”还可以表达为 climate-friendly lifestyles

　　4. 碳足迹，即carbon footprint。简单地说，碳足迹是用来衡量我们在日常生活中消耗的二氧化碳的一种方式。无论是开车上班、乘飞机旅行，还是使用电灯、电脑，我们都消耗石油、煤和天然气等化石燃料。这些化石燃料在燃烧时，会排放出诸如二氧化碳之类导致地球变暖的温室气体。对于carbon footprint，维基百科有如下定义：A carbon footprint is "the total set of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions caused by an organization, event or product". For simplicity of reporting, it is often expressed in terms of the amount of carbon dioxide, or its equivalent of other GHGs, emitted. 相关表达见如下例句：A new purpose-built office complex that will offer eco-friendly accommodation across 66,250 square feet is under construction in Wales. It is reported that the Cardiff Waterside project, entitled 3 Assembly Square, forms part of a £140 million construction project and will aim to offer business in the area an environment that has a lower carbon footprint than traditional office space. 上述句子的背景是，英国政府成立了一个The Low Carbon Building Programme (LCBP)，即低碳建筑计划，维基百科解释说，LCBP is a Government programme in the United Kingdom administered by BERR (formerly the DTI). It offers grants towards the cost of installing domestic microgeneration technologies and larger scale distributed generation installations for public buildings and businesses, provided energy conservation standards are also met.

　　5. 低碳技术，即low-carbon technology，这是发展低碳经济，倡导低碳生活的关键之关键，相关例句如下：The Carbon Trust today launched a new 10m pounds low carbon technology investment joint venture to help UK companies develop new low carbon technologies in China. The new joint venture is a partnership with the Carbon Trust and the China Energy Conservation Investment Corporation (CECIC) to develop and deploy low carbon technologies in China.专家指出，低碳技术将成为国家核心竞争力的一个标志——谁掌握了先进的低碳技术，谁就拥有了核心竞争力。低碳技术的面很广，大的技术类型包括节能技术、无碳和低碳能源技术、二氧化碳捕捉与埋存技术，还包括人类可以利用、可以展望到的低碳技术，如核能、风能、太阳能、生物质能、二氧化碳捕捉埋存等相关技术，其中的关键词就是低碳能源(low-carbon energy)，如The world will need to spend an additional $10.5 trillion in the next two decades on energy efficiency and low-carbon energy to avoid runaway climate change, according to the International Energy Agency (IEA)。

　　6. 低碳发展，即low-carbon development/growth，经济发展的一种全新概念与模式。请看如下句子：China has issued a report saying the country is expected to realize by 2050 a low carbon development, featuring low energy demand and carbon dioxide output.

　　7.低碳社会low-carbon society

　　低碳社区low carbon community

　　低碳城市low-carbon city

　　低碳世界low-carbon world

　　低碳开发区low carbon development zone

　　如下述例句：One example of this is the Low Carbon Development Zones being discussed by the EU and China. The Zones, piloted in a small number of Chinese cities and provinces, could both support China’s transition to a low carbon economy and accelerate the development and deployment of low carbon goods, technologies and services to EU, Chinese and global markets.

　　低碳旅游 Low-Carbon Tour

　　低碳城市化道路Low-Carbon urbanization way

　　碳 Carbon

　　二氧化碳 Carbon dioxide

　　二氧化碳排放 the output of the carbon dioxide

　　二氧化碳浓度Atmospheric concentrations of carbon dioxide

　　碳减排Carbon emission reduction

　　碳排放标准 Standard for carbon dioxide emission

　　碳排放责任 Liability for carbon dioxide emission

　　越境碳污染 Trans-frontier carbon dioxide pollution

　　一氧化碳 Carbon monoxide