2020年商务英语中级写作词汇（6）

　　consultancy (n.) a business or agency offering expert or professional advice in a field咨询公司

　　[例] open a financial consultancy

　　consultant (n.) one that gives expert or professional advice咨询官

　　[例] She is the No.1 marketing consultant , esp. in promotional strategies.

　　consumer (n.) person who buys goods or services消费者

　　[例] In this theory the consumer is assumed to be rational.

　　deal [ di:l ]1.(n.) 1.business agreement交易

　　[例] We set up a deal with our agents.

　　2. (v.) trade, buy and sell做生意

　　[例] He deals in gold.

　　[同义词] trade, bargain, negotiate

　　dealer (n.) person who buys and sells商人

　　[例] a foreign exchange dealer

　　[同义词] merchant, trader, tradesman

　　debit 1. (n.) money which is owed借方

　　[例] The debit column is the left-hand column in accounts.

　　2. (v.) debit an account记入借方

　　[例] debit$5 against a person's account

　　debt (n.) money owed 债务

　　[同义词] liability, obligation, due

　　to get into debt 负债

　　to be out of debt 不欠债

　　to pay off a debt 偿清债务

　　decline 1. (n.) slow fall下滑

　　[同义词] decrease

　　2. (v.) fall slowly下滑

　　[同义词] decrease

　　[例] When the income level of the consumers declines, the market price for house will fall accordingly.

　　deduct (v.) subtract from the total figure 扣除

　　[例] After deducting all the costs, we actually made a loss.

　　[同义词] subtract, take away

　　default 1. (n.) failure to meet the terms of a contract未履行

　　2. (v.) to fail to meet the terms of a contract违约

　　[例] In the end they have to meet a default.

　　defect (n.) fault, something wrong in the design of a machine缺陷

　　[例] There is a small defect in this product.

　　deficit (n.) amount by which expenditure is higher than income赤字

　　[例] They have incurred trade deficit for several years.

　　[同义词] shortage, shortfall,deficiency

　　deflation (n) a reduction in the amount of money circulating in a country’s economy, so that prices fall or remain steady 通货紧缩

　　[例] Under the policy of deflation , prices have fallen back to a normal level

　　delegate 1. (v.) to give authority and responsibility to someone to act on one’s behalf委派为…代表 2. (n.) person to whom authority and responsibility are given代理 3. (n.) person representing an organization at a meeting or conference大会代表

　　[例] We note that you will have delegated your Miss Chris to attend the Shanghai Fair.

　　delivery cycle (n.) time from receipt of customer order to shipment供货周期

　　[例] We should try to shorten the delivery cycle.

　　demand (n.) 1. request for payment请求偿付

　　[例] First demands were issued to all late payers.

　　2. need for products and services at a certain price需求

　　[例] We are having difficulty meeting demand.

　　department (n.) part of an organization部门

　　[例] The employment manager would like to talk to some of the company’s supervisors and department heads.

　　[同义词] branch, division, subdivision

　　deposit (n.) 1.money placed in a bank account存款

　　[例] Once your deposit in our bank exceeds 50,000 USD, the monthly 20 USD account maintenance fees will be exempted.

　　deposit account account earning interest有息存款，储蓄存款

　　[例] We require 7 days’ notice of withdrawal on this deposit account.

　　2. money paid in advance in order to reserve a product押金

　　depot (n.) warehouse仓库

　　[例] The goods are temporally stored in the depot near the port.

　　depreciation (n.) reduction in the value of an asset贬值

　　[同义词] devaluation, deflation

　　devaluation (n.) the deduction in the value of a currency against other currencies(货币)贬值

　　[同义词] depreciation, deflation

　　managing director UK [US Chief Executive Officer] 执行总裁

　　direct selling (n.) selling directly to a customer without going through any middlemen直销

　　[例] Direct selling can save a lot of money.

　　discount 1. (n.) percentage reduction in a full price打折

　　[例] You can have 5% discount as a VIP customer.

　　2. (v.) reduce the full price打折

　　[同义词] rebate

　　dismiss (v.) remove from employment, sack (inf)解雇

　　[例] You are dismissed for your poor performance and bad working attitude.

　　[同义词] discharge

　　dismissal (n.) act of dismissing解雇

　　[例] These rules are formal-such as the procedure for dismissal.

　　[同义词] discharge

　　dispatch 1. (n.) sending goods to a customer送货

　　[例] dispatch department

　　2. (v.) send goods to customers送货

　　down payment a partial payment made at the time of purchase, with the balance to be paid later头期款购买时的部分付款

　　duplicate (n) an exact copy of a document such as a letter, a report, a receipt , and invoice etc.副本

　　[例] Keep the duplicate for your reference.

　　[同义词] copy

　　duty-free (adj.) exempt from customs duties 免税的

　　[例] duty-free merchandise

　　economic efficiency (n.) the ratio of outputs to inputs经济效益

　　[例] The economic efficiency is higher this year than last year.

　　economic sanctions (n) measures taken to force a country to obey international law, by stopping or reducing trade with that country. 经济制裁

　　[例] The UN decided to life the long-term economic sanctions on Iraq.

　　embezzle (v) to take (money, for example) for one's own use in violation of a trust 挪用公款

　　[例] The GM is charged with embezzling funds from the company’s account.

　　enduser (n.) person who actually uses a product or service最终用户

　　[例] We should carry on a survey among our product’s end users to collect the feedback.

　　end-product (n) the final article produced by the manufacturing process 制成品

　　[同义词] finished goods

　　enter (v.) go into进入(市场)

　　[例] We entered the market in 1980.

　　enterprise (n.) a business organization企业

　　entitle (v.) to give a right to授权

　　[例] We feel we are entitled to make this request.

　　[同义词] qualify, authorize, empower

　　entitlement (n.) a person’s right权利

　　[例] He has the entitlement to sell the house.

　　expansion (n.) increase in size扩展

　　[例] The firm is planning for rapid expansion of its market.

　　[同义词] enlargement, amplification

　　expenditure (n.) amount of money spend花费

　　[例] Capital expenditure is the money we have spent on fixed assets.

　　[同义词] spending, expense

　　expenses (n. pl) money paid for covering extra costs费用

　　[例] The fee did not include travel expenses.

　　expertise (n.) particular knowledge or skill专门技术

　　[例] One of the advantages of using an employment agency is that it offers expertise in an area where the employer is not regularly in the market.

　　expire (v.) to come to an end; terminate到期

　　[例] My passport expires in a month.

　　[同义词] terminate

　　facilities (n. pl) equipment or buildings used in the production process设备

　　[例] The club has many convenient facilities.

　　fast –moving consumer goods (n) cheap, everyday items that are bought and used up quickly 快销消费品

　　[例] You cannot set batteries a so high price, they are fast-moving consumer goods and you will lose long-established market.

　　faulty (adj.)( of product) having defects (产品)有瑕疵的

　　[例] sorry for our faulty pilot products

　　[同义词] defective, imperfect

　　feasibility study (n.) investigation of a project to see if it is worth pursuing可行性研究

　　[例] Feasibility study is always done before the project is formally carried out.

　　fee [ fi: ] (n.) money paid for service provided by a professional person such as a lawyer or a doctor对职业性服务的报酬

　　[例] The commission fees are usually higher in the foreign bank than those local bank.

　　[同义词] payment, reward, remuneration

　　feedback (n.) information about the results of an activity, given to a person so that changes can be made反馈

　　[例] After the session we will give you feedback on your performance so that it can be improved.

　　finances (n. pl) money available经费

　　[例] the poor state of the company’s finances

　　[同义词] resources, funds, wealth

　　firm (adj) (of price) steady or rising steadily 坚挺

　　[例] Gold shares remained firm today.

　　flagship (n.) the main or most successful product in a range 旗舰，同类产品中佼佼者

　　[例] Their cars are flagships among all the products in this city.

　　flawed (adj.) having defects有瑕疵的

　　[例] I am writing to apologize for our flawed samples.

　　flexitime (n.) (also flextime) flexible system of working in which workers can choose what time to start and finish (see also core time)弹性上班制

　　[例] With the flexitime system you can choose your start and finish time.

　　fluctuate (v.) rise and fall rapidly波动

　　[例] Workers certainly don’t want their pay to fluctuate wildly.

　　[同义词] vacillate,waver, vary

　　fluctuation (n.) sudden movement波动

　　[例] It is difficult to estimate the price fluctuation of the market.

　　franchise 1. (n.) licence to sell under a brand name特许经营

　　[例] The small company has got the franchise to sell products of IBM.

　　2. (v.) give a licence to someone特许经营

　　franchisee (n.) person who pays a royalty for a franchise特许经营人

　　franchiser (n.) person who receives the royalty特许 经营授予人

　　globalization (n.) to make worldwide全球化

　　[例] The globalization of economy is a trend at present and in the future.

　　go public (v.) to offer a company’s shares for sale on the stock market for the first time股票上市

　　[例] Our company’ shares will go public next month.

　　gross profit profit calculated as sales less direct cost of sales毛利

　　group (n.) several companies joined together集团

　　[例] The group profits were down in the last year

　　guarantee 1. (n.) a promise or an assurance, especially one given in writing, that attests to the quality or durability of a product or service(质量) 保证书

　　[例] The new television had a guarantee with it.

　　[同义词] warranty, guaranty

　　2.(v)to assume responsibility for the quality or performance of承担(品质)保证[例] Each item is unconditionally guaranteed for 6 months.

　　[同义词] warrant, certify, pledge

　　headquarters (n.) a center of operations or administration总部

　　[例] The company has its headquarters in the suburbs.

　　human resources (n.) workforce of an organization人力资源

　　[例] Human resources management can also reflect the company culture.

　　hype [ haip ] (n.) exaggerated statements in advertising大肆宣传

　　[例] We should not use hype in advertising to cheat our customers.

　　implement (v.) put into action执行

　　[例] All the prevailing regulations should be implemented in our practice.

　　[同义词] execute, carry out

　　implementation (n.) putting into action执行

　　incentive (n.) something which motivates激励

　　[例] We need to offer incentives to people joining the company.

　　[同义词] inducement, motivation

　　income (n.) 1.wages and salary工资

　　[例] Employees expect their incomes to be maintained and carry on rising.

　　2.money received through operations or investment收入

　　index (n.) statistical figure showing relative increase or decrease指数

　　retail price index indicator of the rate of inflation零售价格指数

　　indicator (n.) something which is significant指标

　　[例] A key indicator is the inflation rate.

　　inflation (n.) state of rising prices通货膨胀

　　[例] Inflation is the cause of this economic recession.

　　instalment (n.) any one of the parts of a payment spread over a period of time分期付款(一期款项)

　　[例] We're paying for the ‘telly’ by monthly instalments.

　　[同义词] part-payment

　　insure (v.) protect against loss, injury or death by paying a sum of money投保

　　[例] insure one's house against fire

　　[同义词] guarantee, warrant

　　insurance (n.) protection against loss, damage, injury or death by paying a sum of money保险

　　[例] In modern society, the concept of insurance is widely accepted and many people will pay a lot for their insurance annually.

　　interactive (adj.) acting or capable of acting on each other互动式的

　　[例] an interactive training

　　interest (n.) a percentage of the capital paid by a borrower to a lender利息

　　[例] As the borrower company is full of potentials, so the interest for lending money to it is highly secured.

　　interest rate (n.) percentage charge to be paid on money borrowed利率

　　introduce 1.(v.) launch投放(市场)

　　[例] introduce a product on the market

　　2.(v)To present (someone) by name to another in order to establish an acquaintance.引见

　　[例] He introduced his friend to me.

　　[同义] launch

　　inventory (n.) items held in stock, work-in-progress and finished items，stock存货

　　[例] Inventories of last year are stocked in that warehouse.

　　capacity inventory (n.) inventory to store ，present capacity for future use库存能力

　　invoice 1.(n.) note requesting payment发票

　　[例] We’ll prepare the invoice ready for you, so you can do the payment as soon as possible..

　　[同义词] bill

　　2. (v.) send an invoice to someone 开发票

　　job description written statement of what the job holder actually does, how he or she does it, and under what conditions the job is performed职位描述

　　joint venture (n.) agreement between two or more companies to cooperate in a large business project合资企业

　　[例] It belongs to a joint venture company.

　　A Sino-American joint venture

　　just-in-time (n.) system to keep inventory at minimum level by having material arrive at each operation just in time to be used零库存管理

　　[例] Just-in-time system reduces the cost of stock and increases the flexibility of management.

　　key [ ki: ] (adj.) important, main重要的，主要的

　　[例] This client is a key account;key points

　　kickback (n) a return of a percentage of a sum of money already received, typically as a result of pressure, coercion, or a secret agreement 回扣

　　[例] He was charged with receiving kickbacks from local businessmen.

　　knockdown (adj.) (of prices) very low(价格)极低的

　　[例] You buy the right for its knockdown price.

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