第四讲 商务信函(上)
与前面题型的共性
区别:值得注意的是,大作文本身的特性
1 读者不同 对内/对外
2 信息点数量 3/5
3 阅读量 小/大
4 字数要求 40-50 / 120-140
信函要求:
1、 研究收信人的兴趣所在
2、 采用恰当的语气
体谅对方的态度(You-Attitude) / 自我为中心的态度(I-Attitude or We-Attitude)。
3、语气自然真诚
请比较下面两组例句:
Instead of |
Say |
I have pleasure in informing you... |
I am pleased to tell you/to say... |
4、言简意赅
5、有礼有节,善解人意
礼貌用语,如your kind enquiry,your esteemed order,your valued custom
6、避免行文冗长
请比较下面两组例句:
Instead of |
Say |
Please see that an enquiry is conducted to determine the reason. |
Please find out the reason. |
7、避免陈词滥调
请比较下面的例句:
OPENINGS
Instead of |
Say |
Adverting to your favour Re (your letter) The writer, wished to acknowledge |
Referring to your letter Or Thank you for your letter |
We are in receipt of We began to acknowledge We have to acknowledge |
We have received |
We beg to inform you We beg to think you |
We are writing to inform you We thank you |
Your esteemed favour to hand Your letter to hand Yours to hand |
We have received your letter |
ENDINGS
Instead of |
Say |
The favour of your early reply will be obliged |
I shall be glad to hear from you. |
Assuring you’d our best attention at all times We beg to remain We remain Awaiting the favours of your early reply |
Omit all these. |
MISCELLANEOUS
Instead of |
Say |
as per |
according to |
idem., inst., prox., ult. |
name the month |
if it is within our power |
if we can |
it will be our constant aim. |
we shall try |
of even date |
of today |
only too pleased to |
very glad to |
per |
by |
Please be good enough to advise us |
please tell us |
take an early opportunity |
act promptly |
yesterday' s date |
Yesterday |
your communication |
your letter, phone, message, etc. |
your good self |
you |
your favor yours of the 15th |
your letter your letter of the 15th |
Under separate cover |
separately, or better still, by registered post, etc. |
8、措词精确有力
(1)选用简单的词汇
请比较下面两组例子:
在书信中多使用单词而不是词组,在报告中词组应比单词使用频率高一些。
请比较下面两组例子:
Instead of |
Say |
will you be good enough to |
please |
in the near future |
soon |
at the present time |
now |
come to a decision |
decide |
express a preference for |
prefer |
for the reason that |
because |
前面的语言报告表述多,后面的语言书信表述多。
运用简明的语言表达观点。
请比较下面两组例子:
Instead of |
Say |
Every consideration will be given to your request. |
Your request will be carefully considered. |
It gives us much pleasure to inform you. |
I am pleased to tell you (or to say). |
(2)保持词语释义的一致性
避免出现一词多义
避免多词一义的错误
(3)用词准确
避免词义不清的表达方式,如considerable quantity,favourable price,appreciable rise。
(4)措词具体、形象
请比较下面两组例句:
Instead of |
Say |
We have no hesitation in advising you. |
We advise you. |
The preparation of new salary scales is in hand. |
Now salary scales are being prepared. |
9.避免单调平乏
(1) 松散句与掉尾句
松散句 |
掉尾句 |
I have an interview as soon as I arrived. |
As soon as I arrived, I had an interview. |
(2) 长句和短句
请看下面的段落:
We regret to have to complain that you have not yet delivered the goods ordered a month ago.(Medium)They are now urgently wanted. (Short) The customer for whom we ordered them threatens to cancel his older unless he receives the goods during next week. (Long) Please therefore arrange to deliver them at once. (Short)
(3)语序变化
英语句子的正常语序是:主语+谓语+宾语。语序的变化可以起到强调作用。
请看下面的例句:
正常语序:I met your representative yesterday.
强调语序:Yesterday I met your representative. (强调yesterday)
还可以运用 It is/It was 引导的强调句式。
正常语序:We note with surprise the contents of your letter.
强调语序:It is with surprise that we note the contents of your letter.
10、全盘布局(LAY OUT)
(1) An opening paragraph referring to the promise made.
(2) A statement that the promise has not been kept.
(3) That the delay is causing your inconvenience.
(4) A closing paragraph requesting completion without further delay.
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