Question：In the context of work planning and personal development planning, a SMART framework is often used as a checklist of the characteristics of effective goals.

　　What does the 'M' in SMART stand for?

　　A. Measurable

　　B. Motivational

　　C. Memorable

　　D. Manageable

　　The correct answer is: A

　　Rationale: SMART is 'Specific, Measurable, Attainable, Relevant and Time-bounded', although versions differ.

　　Manageable and Motivational are both very plausible - and also qualities of effective goals - but you wouldn't want to replace 'measurable', which is essential (otherwise, how will you know when you've reached your goal?).

　　Question：A manager is assessing the performance of her team members. In accordance with the appraisal system of the organisation, she has been given a list of characteristics and performance elements, with notes on how to interpret and apply the terms: 'integrity', 'punctuality' and so on. She is required to comment on how each appraisee measures up in terms of each factor.

　　Which appraisal technique is this organisation using?

　　A. Overall assessment

　　B. Grading

　　C. Behavioural incident

　　D. Guided assessment

　　The correct answer is: D

　　Rationale: Overall assessment is narrative comment without the guidance on how the terms should be applied. Grading uses rating scales (definitions of performance on each characteristic from 1-5, say). Behavioural incident methods compare specific behaviours against typical behaviour in each job.