Question：Which leadership approach sees the leadership process in a context made up of three interrelated variables: task needs, the individual needs of group members and the needs of the group as a whole?

　　A. The managerial grid

　　B. Dispersed leadership

　　C. Contingency theory

　　D. Action-centred leadership

　　The correct answer is: Action-centred leadership

　　Rationale: This is a description of John Adair's action-centred leadership model.

　　Contingency theory is more general: indeed, Adair's model is within the contingency school of thought.

　　The managerial grid is based on two dimensions: concern for task and concern for people.

　　Dispersed leadership (Heifetz) is the idea that individuals at all organisational levels can exert a 'leadership influence'.